Browsing by Author "Siluwal, N"
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Publication Factors Associated with Urinary Tract Infection among Children Aged Less than 5 Years Visiting Department of Pediatrics of Dhulikhel Hospital(Kathmandu University, 2024) Siluwal, N; Bhandari, N; Prajapati, R; Timalsena, DABSTRACT Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) constitutes a significant cause of morbidity, especially among children under five years old. Early diagnosis and management are essential to minimize acute morbidity and prevent the long-term complications associated with urinary tract infections. Objective To identify factors associated with urinary tract infections among children under five years old. Method A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted at Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital in Nepal, involving face-to-face interviews with 105 parents of children under 5 years with suspected or culture-positive Urinary tract infections. Data collection occurred from July 2022 to December 2022, covering both outpatient (OPD) and inpatient cases. Logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with urinary tract infections. Result The Urinary tract infection prevalence among children under five was 27.12%, with over half (55.2%) were female. Females had a seven times higher urinary tract infection risk than males (95% CI: 1.64 - 30.18; p = 0.009). Children with congenital anomalies faced a 22.8 times higher urinary tract infection risk (95% CI: 1.70 - 286.56, p = 0.01). Diaper changes exceeding 6 hours elevated the risk by 20.09 times (95% CI: 1.14 - 353.95; p = 0.04). Escherichia coli presence in urine culture correlated with a 9.43 times higher urinary tract infection risk (95% CI: 1.34 - 66.16, P = 0.02). Conclusion Implementing preventive measures, including maintaining personal hygiene and changing diapers frequently, can significantly reduce the incidence of urinary tract infections in children, ultimately minimizing medical costs. KEY WORDS Children, Cleaning, Risk factors, Urinary tract infectionPublication Stress and Coping Strategies among Mothers of Neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(Kathmandu University, 2025) Bhandari, N; Shrestha, S; Bajracharya, J; Siluwal, NABSTRACT Background The birth of a baby is a happy moment for parents. When a newborn is admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit due to morbidities, stress provoking for the parents. To overcome stress, parents, especially mothers adopt different types of coping strategies. Objective To assess the stressor and coping strategies adopted by mothers of neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Method This is a cross-sectional, analytical study design conducted in mothers whose neonates were admitted 72 hours prior to data collection in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The study was conducted after the approval received from the Institutional Review Committee-Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences. Consecutive sampling methods was used to select the mothers. Data was collected using Parent Stressor Scale (PSS: NICU) for stress and BRIEF Coping Orientation to Problems Experiences (COPE) Inventory for coping strategies. Four points Likert scale was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis, independent t-test and pearson correlation was used to see the correlation between independent and dependent variables. Result Overall stress among mothers is 111.4 ± 9.82 and among which most stressful events is neonates, looks and behaviour 54.4 ± 6.56 followed by parental role 34.10 ± 2.50 and sight and sounds of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit 23.06 ± 2.85 respectively. The direction of the relationship is positive between stress and coping strategies in neonates mothers (p < 0.001) in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Conclusion Understanding the stress of mothers and their coping strategies when their neonates admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit will help the nurses to plan care for admitted neonates. KEY WORDS Coping strategies, Mothers, Neonates, Neonatal intensive care unit, Stress