Browsing by Author "Singh, Rajesh Kumar"
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Publication Clinical Spectrum of Malaria in Hospitalised Children at a Tertiary care Centre in North India - A Retrospective study(Perinatal Society of Nepal (PESON), 2025) Pandey, Charu; Singh, Rajesh KumarAbstract: Introduction : Malaria continues to cause high morbidity and mortality in the tropical countries, children being among the vulnerable age group. We conducted a retrospective study at a tertiary care centre in northern India to determine the pattern of the disease in our area. Methods: A descriptive retrospective in children aged 1 month to 18 years of age, admitted at our paediatric unit, with positive antigen test and/or peripheral smear for malaria. Presenting features, clinical signs, laboratory parameters, treatment and outcome were recorded. Statistical analysis was done using freely available software online. Results: 57 patients tested positive for malaria. The parasite species found in all positive tests was Plasmodium vivax. 22 (38.5%) of patients were classified as severe malaria. M:F ratio of 1.03:1. Fever was the most common presenting complain (100%), followed by pallor (52.6%) and persistent vomiting (35%). Antimalarial given was injection Artesunate in 53 (93%) of patients, oral artemeter lumefantrine was started as primary treatment in 3 (5.26%) patients, while chloroquine was given to only 1 (1.7%) patient. Blood component transfusion was required in 11 patients. 54 (94.7%) patients improved and were discharged, while 1(1.7%) patient was referred to higher centre, 2 (3.5%) patients left against medical advice. Mean duration of hospital stay was 6.2 (±2.35) days. Conclusions: Plasmodium vivax was the leading cause of malaria at our institute, causing both severe and uncomplicated malaria. Plasmodium vivax is no longer a benign entity.Publication Coexistence of Allergic Rhinitis in Children Attending Paediatric Asthma Clinic(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2019) Singh, Rajesh Kumar; Simalti, Ashish KumarAbstract Introduction: Asthma and allergic rhinitis are considered manifestations of the chronic inflammatory respiratory syndrome of the common airways or united airways disease. We conducted a prospective epidemiological study to evaluate the prevalence of allergic rhinitis among children already diagnosed as having asthma. Methods: A prospective epidemiological study was carried out during 2015 to 2016 at a tertiary care centre in North India. The severity of asthma was classified according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) report & allergic rhinitis according to Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA). Results: A total of 64 children were screened. After excluding five subjects (7.8%), 59 subjects with asthma were analysed. We could not find any definitive correlation between severity of asthma to severity of allergic rhinitis (p > 0.05). The prevalence of co morbidity of asthma and allergic rhinitis was maximum when onset of asthma was between three to six years (70%), was 40% for < three years and 50% when age of onset was six to nine years. The age of onset of asthma in children having asthma only was five years and that of children with both asthma and allergic rhinitis was 5.5 years. This difference was not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of co morbidity (50.84%) of allergic rhinitis among patients with asthma. A positive correlation was found between duration and severity of asthma, but this was not observed for allergic rhinitis. In most cases asthma preceded or started with AR. Author Biographies Rajesh Kumar Singh, Command Hospital (Eastern Command) Kolkata, India Department of Paediatrics Ashish Kumar Simalti, Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, India Department of PaediatricsPublication Empyema in Children - Is Primary VATS the Preferred Strategy(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2020) Singh, Rajesh Kumar; Gurudutta, Avathi Venkatesha; Chandrasekar, Supraja; Thomas, ArunAbstract: Introduction: Empyema thoracis (ET) is an accumulation of pus in the pleural space. Considering the advantages of Video Assisted Thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), including reduced length of hospitalisation, lower postoperative morbidity and mortality, VATS is the treatment of choice for cases of stage 3 empyema. The objective of this study was to study the age-sex profile, clinical presentation, etiologic agents, management and the overall treatment outcome of empyema thoracis after early VATS in children. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study, conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Rangadore Memorial Hospital, Bangalore, from November 2018 to March 2020. All children in the age group of 0 to 18 years diagnosed to have pyogenic empyema and presenting in stage 1 and 2 during the study period were included in the study. In the present study, 15 children were found to be having empyema (stage 1 and 2). Results: Majority of patients (66.6%) were seen in the age group of one to five years. Fever (100%), breathlessness (66.66%), and cough (80%) were the commonest presenting features. Bacteriological isolation was possible only in three cases (20%). Patients were treated with antibiotics and primary VATS in majority of cases (55.33%). Average duration of hospital stay in VATS group was 12.11 days. Conclusions: Empyema thoracis mainly affects younger children. Common presenting features are fever, difficulty in breathing and cough. Appropriate antibiotics and early VATS may be acceptable modality for management of pyogenic empyema thoracis in children.