Browsing by Author "Suwal, Sundar"
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Publication Correlation of Sonourethrography Findings of Male Anterior Urethral Stricture with Retrograde Urethrography(Institute of Medicine, 2021) Gautam, Bishnu; Chataut, Dinesh; Suwal, Sundar; Lohani, BenuABSTRACT Introduction: Imaging plays significant role in diagnosing the male urethral stricture and helps the urologist in determining the treatment protocols. Retrograde urethrography (RGU) had been the standard imaging technique for anterior urethral stricture. Sonourethrography (SUG) as compared to the retrograde urethrography has the advantage of being radiation free. Aim of this study was to compare the sonourethrography findings in anterior urethral stricture with that of retrograde urethrography. Methods: This was an observational study done in 46 patients with clinical symptoms related to lower urinary tract during the period of September 2019 to August 2020 after obtaining informed consent. Ethical clearance was received from Institutional Review Committee, Institute of Medicine. Patients were first evaluated by sonourethrography. Then, retrograde urethrography was done as per the standard protocol of the department. Data were collected in the predesignated proforma including the study variables on sonourethrography and retrograde urethrography and entered in IBM SPSS version 20. The lengths of strictures on sonourethrography and retrograde urethrography were compared. Results: Among 46 patients 21 patients showed anterior urethral strictures on both SUG and RGU with bulbar region as the commonest location. SUG showed all the urethral strictures seen on RGU with significant positive correlation. SUG also showed spongiofibrosis in nine patients. Conclusion: Sonourethrography, an radiation free imaging technique, showed all the strictures seen in retrograde urethrography with added benefit of detection of spongiofibrosis as well. Keywords: Anterior urethra, imaging evaluation, spongiofibrosis, ultrasonographyPublication Metastatic Supraclavicular Lymph Nodes among Patients with Lung Carcinoma in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2023) Lamichhane, Suman; Thapa, Ajit; Chataut, Dinesh; Suwal, Sundar; Ansari, Mukhtar Alam; Yadav, Birendra KumarAbstract Introduction: Metastatic spread of lung cancer to supraclavicular lymph nodes is considered distant metastasis for treatment purposes. Detection of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis in patients with lung cancer serves for tissue diagnosis by itself and also helps avoid more invasive biopsy from the primary lung mass itself. Ultrasonography of the lower neck can detect supraclavicular lymph nodes before they are palpable and can also be used for safe sampling of these lymph nodes. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of metastatic supraclavicular lymph nodes among patients with lung carcinoma in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study done in a tertiary care center, carried out from 15 September 2019 to 14 September 2020. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 84(611)E2/076/077). The study was done among 92 patients with biopsy-proven lung cancer (lung mass or supraclavicular lymph node biopsy) who were referred for evaluation, and/or percutaneous transthoracic biopsy. Convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate and 90% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Among 92 patients with proven lung cancer, metastatic supraclavicular lymph nodes were seen in 13 patients (14.10%) (8.17- 19.73, 90% Confidence Interval). Among 13 patients with metastatic lymph nodes, 9 (69.23%) had palpable supraclavicular lymph nodes. The majority 11 (84.61%) had round-shaped lymph nodes. All metastatic lymph nodes showed loss of echogenic fatty hilum. A total of 12 (92.30%) metastatic lymph nodes showed a peripheral disorganized pattern of vascularity. Conclusions: The prevalence of metastatic supraclavicular lymph nodes was lower than in similar studies done in international settings.Publication Ultrasonographic Measurement of Mean Cross-sectional Area of the Median Nerve in Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Level Hospital of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2021) Adhikari, Govinda; Kayastha, Prakash; Suwal, Sundar; Paudel, Sharma; Chataut, Dinesh; Maharjan, Santosh; Gurung, GhanshyamAbstract: Introduction: Pregnancy is one of the predisposing factors for carpal tunnel syndrome, which may manifest as swelling of the median nerve. The purpose of this study was to obtain the mean cross-sectional area of median nerve using ultrasound in pregnant females at carpal tunnel inlet and its variations with different trimesters. Methods: A total of 102 pregnant females at first, second and third trimesters were evaluated for median nerve with ultrasonography. Mean cross sectional area of median nerve was calculated in both hands by using two methods- direct and indirect. The study was conducted after obtaining ethical clearance from Institutional Review Board of Institute of Medicine, and after obtaining the written informed consent from the subjects. Convenience sampling technique was used. Data obtained were compiled and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Results: The overall mean cross-sectional area was 6.84±1.09 mm2 using direct method and 7.09±1.19 mm2 using indirect method. The values obtained with indirect method were greater than that obtained with direct method. Mean cross-sectional area of the median nerve were higher at third trimester in both hands and by both direct and indirect methods. Conclusions: From the study conducted, the normal value of mean cross-sectional area of median nerve in pregnant females was established.Publication Ultrasound Guided Biopsy among Patients with Lung Lesions Undergoing Procedures in Interventional Radiology of a Tertiary Care Centre(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Kayastha, Prakash; Adhikari, Binaya; Paudel, Sharma; Suwal, Sundar; Shingh, Shashi Shekhar; Chapagain, Pradip; Regmi, Pradeep RajAbstract Introduction: Minimally invasive image-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy can obtain tissue samples for diagnosis of subpleural lung cancer, which is crucial for the correct management of lung lesions. Common complications of lung biopsy include pneumothorax, parenchymal haemorrhage and haemoptysis. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of ultrasound-guided biopsy among patients with lung lesions undergoing procedures in interventional radiology of a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Radiology and Imaging from 1 August 2018 to 30 September 2019 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. USG-guided biopsy of peripheral lung lesions was performed with an 18 gauge semiautomatic biopsy instrument and a 17 gauge coaxial needle. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 188 biopsy of lung lesions, ultrasound-guided biopsies were performed in 28 (14.89%) (9.80-19.98, 95% Confidence Interval). Conclusions: The prevalence of ultrasound guided biopsy among lung lesions is lower than other studies done in similar settings.