Browsing by Author "Thakur, Dip Narayan"
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Publication Empowerment of School Adolescents for Prevention of Gender Discrimination and Sexual Harassment: Application of an Integrated Experiential Learning Package(Nepal Health Research Council, 2024) Thapa, Rita; Subedi, Raj Kumar; Pun, Bindu; Chand, Sunita Kumari; Thakur, Dip Narayan; Thapaliya, Radhika; Karki, Sarita; Regmi, Gorakh; Pandey, VikrantBackground: The prevalence of gender discrimination and sexual harassment/ violence among children is alarmingly high in Nepal. This study aimed to measure aggregate changes in knowledge, attitude, and skills among school adolescents on gender discrimination; sexual harassment, mindfulness of breathing; and self-defense skills, with application of an integrative experiential learning modules. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was carried out among 3661 students from 8-9 grades (1880 intervention and 1781 control) in 52 community schools across the seven provinces. Pre- and post-intervention self-reported surveys were conducted among the intervention and control groups before and after intervention of 24 learning hours. We used a mixed two-way effects model to measure the changes in composite indices between pretest and posttest among both the groups. Results: We found statistically significant increment (P<0.0001) in knowledge, attitude and skills on gender norms, gender discrimination, sexual harassment, self-defense, reporting sexual harassment, legal measures and mindfulness of breathing technique among the intervention group compared to that in the control group. Conclusions: These findings, though measured immediately after the intervention, offer initial evidence that school adolescents could be empowered to prevent the risks of gender discrimination and sexual harassment. Keywords: Empowerment; gender discrimination; school-based intervention; sexual harassment; self-defense.Publication Non-compliance to the Tobacco Control and Regulatory Act among Vendors in the Vicinities of Schools of a Metropolitan City: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Gupta, Ankush Kumar; Thakur, Dip Narayan; Sah, Mukesh Kumar; Yadav, Rakesh; Basel, Prem LalAbstract Introduction: Tobacco use is the underlying cause of ill health, preventable deaths, and disabilities worldwide. The Tobacco Product Control and Regulation Act 2011 prohibits the sale of tobacco in public places including educational institutions but non-compliance to the law had not been assessed. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of non-compliance to the Tobacco Product Control and Regulation Act among vendors in the vicinities of schools in a metropolitan city. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a metropolitan city in August 2018. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional Review Committee [Reference number: 23(6-11-E)2/075/076]. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit vendors within 100 meters radius of secondary schools. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Out of total 217 vendors, non-compliance to the section 3 of section 11 of Tobacco Product Control and Regulation Act was found in 195 (89.86%) (85.84-93.88 at 95% Confidence Interval). Among the non-compliers, 110 (56.41%) were selling both smoked and smokeless tobacco products, 78 (40%) were selling smoked and 7 (3.59%) were selling smokeless tobacco products. Conclusions: The non-compliance with Tobacco Product Control and Regulation Act's prohibition of tobacco sales within 100 m of schools in Kathmandu Metropolitan was similar with other studies conducted in similar settings.