Browsing by Author "Upadhyay, Madan Prasad"
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Publication Abdominal Obesity among Outpatients in a Tertiary Level Eye ENT Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study Authors(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Upadhyay, Madan Prasad; Upadhyay, Sanjib Kumar; Bhattarai, Janak Raj; Khatri, Bijay; Shrestha, RajanAbstract: Introduction: Abdominal obesity, as abnormal fat accumulation that presents a risk to health, is a global epidemic. There is evidence to support a trait of abdominal adipose deposition despite normal body mass index in south asian populations with greater cardiometabolic risks. Thus, this study aimed to find out the prevalence of abdominal obesity using the waist to height ratio among outpatients in a tertiary level hospital. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among outpatients at a tertiary level hospital in Nepal from January 2016 to December 2018. Ethical approval was taken from the Ethical Review Board of Nepal Health Research Council (Reference no. 207/2019). Convenience sampling was done. The data were entered into excel and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24. Point estimate at 99% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Among 25,511 participants, 21,834 (85.6%) (85.0- 86.2 at 99% Confidence Interval) participants had abdominal obesity using Waist-to-Height Ratio, higher in women 12,397 (86.4%) than men 9,437 (84.5%). The mean age of the participants was 53.37±13.15 years and more than half 17,075 (55.7%) of all participants were female. Conclusions: The prevalence of abdominal obesity among hospital outpatients is higher than in other community-based studies. As hospitals attract large crowds and provide excellent opportunities for screening patients, their attendants, as well as providing opportunities for health promotion, we recommend the introduction of opportunistic obesity screening in all health facilities using weight to height ratio in a phased manner.Publication Diabetes Mellitus among Adult Outpatients Visiting a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Khatri, Bijay; Kayastha, Manish; Shrestha, Rajan; Bhattarai, Janak Raj; Majhi, Sangita; Upadhyay, Sanjib Kumar; Upadhyay, Madan Prasad; Kafle, Kumud KumarAbstract Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterised by elevated blood sugar levels and is a pandemic of public health importance. Screening programs can help reduce morbidity and mortality by preventing or delaying complications. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adult outpatients visiting a tertiary care centre. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among outpatients visiting a tertiary care centre between 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review Board (Registration number: 408/2020 P). Patients with unknown history of diabetes participating in free random blood sugar examinations were included in the study. Systematic random sampling was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Among 385 adult outpatients, 17 (4.42%) (2.37–6.47, 95% Confidence Interval) had diabetes. The mean random blood sugar level of the diabetic patients was 281.41±57.49 mg/dl. Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adult outpatients was similar to previous studies conducted in similar settings. Random blood sugar test in hospital outpatient settings is feasible to identify people with diabetes mellitus.