Browsing by Author "Upadhyaya, Rudra Prasad"
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Publication Computed Tomography Chest Findings in COVID-19 Patients(Nepal Health Research Council, 2022) Tamang, Ongden Yonjen; Paudel, Sharma; Kayastha, Prakash; Maharjan, Santosh; Adhikari, Govinda; Upadhyaya, Rudra Prasad; Dawadi, Kapil; Pradhan, Prajina; Rehman, Tanveer; Malla, Saurav KrishnaAbstract Background:COVID-19 which has caused significant morbidity and mortality around the world has been declared by the World Health Organization to be a global health emergency. Our objective was to find out the lung parenchymal patterns commonly evident in high resolution Computed Tomography in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary multi-specialty hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. With ethical clearance from the institutional review board, a total of 235 patients with positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for COVID-19 and having respiratory symptoms were included in the study. High Resolution Computed Tomography images of chest were retrieved from picture archiving and communication systems retrospectively and studied for the findings commonly attributed to COVID-19 pneumonia. The data was then analyzed using Stata version 14 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX, USA). Descriptive statistics were presented as mean and median while chi-square test was used to assess the association between socio-demographic characteristics and CT severity indices. Results: Out of 235 patients, 174 (74.0%) were males and 61(26%) were females with a mean age of 54.8±14.5 years. The most commonly encountered pattern of pulmonary changes was bilateral involvement in 222 (94.5%) patients followed by ground-glass opacities in 218 (92.8%) patients and peripheral predominance of ground-glass opacities in 211 (89.8%) patients. Conclusions: Chest Computed Tomography abnormalities are common in COVID-19 positive patients with respiratory symptoms. These findings can guide in the assessment of the severity of the disease as well as patient management. Keywords: Computed Tomography; COVID-19; ground-glass opacities; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactionPublication Mean Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Attending Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2021) Kayastha, Prakash; Paudel, Sharma; Gurung, Ghanshyam; Kumar, Pradeep; Upadhyaya, Rudra Prasad; Tuladhar, Sasmita; Adhikari, Govinda; Maharjan, SantoshAbstract: Introduction: Sonographic carotid intima media thickness measurement in diabetic patients is an important tool for estimating the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. It is a simple, noninvasive and widely available tool which can give idea of further treatment needed. The objective of this study was to determine the mean intima media complex thickness in patients with type II diabetes mellitus attending a tertiary care center. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in 64 patients with the type II diabetes mellitus patients visiting diabetic clinic of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, sent for carotid Doppler examination in the department of radiology and imaging. Ethical approval was taken from the Instituitonal Review Board. Convenient sampling method was used. Carotid intima media thickness was measured on both sides and mean intima media thickness was calculated. Mean intima media thickness for male and female diabetic patients was also calculated separately. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 was used for data analysis. Results: The mean carotid intima media thickness was 0.86±0.13mm with range from 0.7mm to 1.3mm. Mean intima media thickness in male was 0.832±0.094mm and in female it was 0.904±0.144mm. Among 64 patients, 30 (46.8%) were female and 34 (53.3%) were male. Age of the patients ranged from 35 years to 68 years with mean age of 52.4±6.54 years. Conclusions: Carotid intima media thickness in patients with type II diabetes mellitus showed higher values than that of mean value from study done in similar study. Female had higher mean intima media thickness than male.