Browsing by Author "Yadav, Alisha"
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Publication Impact of Incentive Spirometry in COPD Exacerbations: A Comparative Study(Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, 2024) Paudel, Bishal; Panthi, Bishal; Shrestha, Rakshya; Karki, Onika; Dhungana, Reechashree; Yadav, Alisha; GC, Saroj; Neopane,ArpanaAbstract: Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Nepal, with acute exacerbations (AECOPD) leading to severe complications. This study explores the impact of incentive spirometry (IS) on clinical outcomes, arterial blood gases and hospital stay in AECOPD patients. Methodology: This comparative study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Kathmandu, Nepal and involved 60 AECOPD patients, split into two groups: 30 receiving standard medical treatment (control) without IS and 30 using IS. Demographic and clinical information were recorded and key outcomes— arterial blood gases (ABGs), MMRC score, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and hospital stay—were measured after stabilization and at discharge. Statistical analysis used SPSS 22, with significance set at p<0.05. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in MMRC and oxygen saturation(p<0.001). However, the IS group also demonstrated a significant reduction in respiratory rate (26.73±2.52 to 21.07±2.11, p<0.001), unlike the control group (27.3±2.3 to 26.80±2.37, p=0.12) and had a shorter hospital stay (5.87±1.36 days vs. 8.56±1.99 days, p<0.001). The IS group also demonstrated significant improvements in ABG parameters from admission to discharge: pH (7.35±0.087 to 7.42±0.054, p<0.001), pCO2 (62.76±9.55 to 43.88±6.62, p<0.001), and pO2 (62.76±9.55 to 78.88±6.97, p<0.001), while the control group did not. Conclusion: Incentive spirometry proved superior to medical treatment alone by significantly improving ABGs, respiratory rate and reducing hospital stay in AECOPD patients. These findings support IS as a cost-effective tool in AECOPD management, particularly in resource-limited settings like Nepal. Further research is recommended to validate these results.Publication Knowledge and Preventive Practices of Dengue Fever among Adolescents in a Terai District of Nepal: A Cross- Sectional Study(Perinatal Society of Nepal (PESON), 2024) Singh, Shreejana; Joshi, Deepak Raj; Yadav, Alisha; Lawot, Isabel; Sharma, Mohan RajAbstract: Introduction Dengue fever spreads by mosquito bites. Preventive measures are the most effective way to decrease the incidence of dengue. This study aims to find out the knowledge and preventive practices of Dengue fever among adolescents in Nepal. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 450 students studying in grades 9 and 10 of selected community and private schools in the Dhanusha district of Nepal. The total enumeration method was used with self-administered semi-structured questionnaires for data collections. Results Among 450 respondents, the mean age of the students was 16±1.72 years. Regarding awareness of dengue symptoms, (420)92.7% responded to restlessness, as the symptoms of dengue while only 84 (18.5%) attributed bleeding from the gums or nose to the disease. Regarding preventive practices, 424 (93.6%)) participants acknowledged the importance of covering the water tank, while 175 (38.6%) considered spraying insecticide as a useful preventive measure. Education alone is significantly associated with the levels of knowledge (p-value = 0.046) and preventive practice (p-value = 0.000). The correlation analysis between knowledge and practice scores revealed a weak positive correlation (r=0.20, p-value<0.001). Conclusion: The study revealed inadequate knowledge and insufficient preventive practices concerning the prevention of dengue fever among adolescents in Nepal.Publication Knowledge and Preventive Practices of Dengue Fever among Adolescents in a Terai District of Nepal: A Cross- Sectional Study(Perinatal Society of Nepal (PESON), 2024) Singh, Shreejana; Joshi, Deepak Raj; Yadav, Alisha; Lawot, Isabel; Sharma, Mohan RajAbstract Introduction Dengue fever spreads by mosquito bites. Preventive measures are the most effective way to decrease the incidence of dengue. This study aims to find out the knowledge and preventive practices of Dengue fever among adolescents in Nepal. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 450 students studying in grades 9 and 10 of selected community and private schools in the Dhanusha district of Nepal. The total enumeration method was used with self-administered semi-structured questionnaires for data collections. Results Among 450 respondents, the mean age of the students was 16±1.72 years. Regarding awareness of dengue symptoms, (420)92.7% responded to restlessness, as the symptoms of dengue while only 84 (18.5%) attributed bleeding from the gums or nose to the disease. Regarding preventive practices, 424 (93.6%)) participants acknowledged the importance of covering the water tank, while 175 (38.6%) considered spraying insecticide as a useful preventive measure. Education alone is significantly associated with the levels of knowledge (p-value = 0.046) and preventive practice (p-value = 0.000). The correlation analysis between knowledge and practice scores revealed a weak positive correlation (r=0.20, p-value<0.001). Conclusion: The study revealed inadequate knowledge and insufficient preventive practices concerning the prevention of dengue fever among adolescents in Nepal.Publication Perception and Willingness Regarding Organ Transplantation/donation among Medical Students of Maharajgunj Medical Campus: A Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Health Research Council, 2024) Bhattarai, Amit Sharma; Adhikari, Bidur; Joshi, Deepak Raj; Yadav, Alisha; Joshi, Pankaj; Parajuli, Bashu Dev; Koirala, Megha; Karki, Kushal Jung; Subedi, Krishna Prasad; Shrestha, Gentle Sunder; Shrestha, Anil; Singh, ShreejanaBackground: Organ transplant is the procedure of replacing a failing or damaged organ with a functioning one. Positive attitude and awareness about donation are a must for donor organs to be available. This study explored the level of knowledge, perception and willingness regarding organ donation among medical students in Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 180 medical students using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used, and Pearson correlation was applied to examine the relationship between knowledge and perception of organ transplantation. Independent samples t-test and ANOVA was used to compare scores among year of study and gender. Results: Results indicated that 86.1% of participants were aware of the need for organ donation, and 83.3% knew that both living and deceased individuals could be donors. While 93.9% believed in the need for effective laws, 72.8% perceived risks for donors. However, only 74.4% were willing to donate their organs, though 91.7% expressed willingness to promote organ donation among friends and family. Participants showed a positive perception towards organ donation. Conclusions: Despite a high level of awareness and knowledge regarding organ donation, participants exhibited a lower level of willingness to donate organs. Perceived risks for donors and a lack of robust laws and regulations presented significant barriers. Nevertheless, an inclination to promote organ donation was observed. This underlines the need for enhanced education and policy reform to increase organ donation rates. Keywords: Awareness; knowledge; organ donation; organ transplantation; perception.