Browsing by Author "Yadav, Rajiv"
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Publication Comparison of Facial Soft Tissue among Different Facial Patterns: A Cephalometric Study(Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, 2024) Yadav, Rajiv; Yadav, NeelamAbstract: Introduction With the advancement of the soft tissue paradigm, various soft tissue factors have been added to the orthodontic problem list for diagnosis and treatment planning. This study aimed to examine the dimensions of facial soft tissues alongside various cephalometric parameters in orthodontic patients. Methods This observational study was conducted at Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental Clinical Sciences-1, TU Teaching Hospital. Three different groups based on the morphological patterns (brachyfacial, dolichofacial, and mesofacial) with soft tissue parameters of upper lip thickness (ULT), lower lip thickness (LLT), upper lip height (ULH), lower lip height (LLH), soft tissue chin thickness (SCT) were studied. X-rays selected for this study from 18-30 years old patients with no craniofacial deformities were selected. SPSS 21 was used for statistical analysis. Results The mean value of facial axis measurement (BaN.PtGn) was 90.02±4.140. The mean values of ULT was 14.51±2.74 mm, LLT was 16.33±1.87 mm, ULH was 28.21±3.66 mm, LLH was 47.43±4.66 mm, and SCT was 14.70±2.54 mm. The BaN.PtGn, ULT, and SCT were significantly different among three facial types. Brachyfacial facial type had higher ULT than mesofacial and dolichofacial types whereas higher SCT than mesofacial types. The correlation between different soft tissue measurements showed weak to very weak strength association. Conclusions Brachyfacial facial types had higher upper lip thickness than mesofacial and dolichofacial types and higher soft chin thickness than mesofacial types. There was no difference among gender in brachyfacial types, whereas male predominance was seen in mesofacial and dolichofacial type.Publication Dentoalveolar Heights in Skeletal Malocclusion: A Dual Plane Study(Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, 2025) Yadav, Rajiv; Joshi, Deepak Raj; Yadav, Neelam; Yadav, AnilAbstract: Introduction Skeletal malocclusions are manifested in sagittal, vertical and transverse discrepancies. Aim of this study was to determine the relationship of dentoalveolar heights among skeletal malocclusion with different growth patterns. Methods In this cross-sectional study, traced cephalometric X-rays were grouped into skeletal Class I, Class II, Class III based on Steiner’s ANB angle and growth patterns based on Steiner’s SN-GoGn Angle and Tweeds FMA angle. A Total of 180 samples were proportionally divided in nine groups based on growth pattern and malocclusion classification. ANOVA was applied for data analysis using SPSS V21. Results Upper anterior dental height (UADH) showed significance differences in all three planes, (Class I: p=0.041, Class II: p=0.043, Class III: p=0.013), Lower anterior dental height (LADH) showed no statistically significant differences across any class of malocclusion (all p > 0.1). In UADH, Class I and III exhibited lower values in horizontal compared to normal, while Class I and II showed lower UADH in vertical compared to horizontal. For UPDH, Class III showed lower values in vertical compared to normal, whereas Class II and III showed lower UPDH in vertical compared to horizontal. In LPDH, a significant reduction was found in Class III individuals with vertical patterns compared to horizontal. Conclusion Significant differences were mainly observed between horizontal and vertical growth patterns in Class II and III. In class I, differences were notable between normal to horizontal and horizontal to vertical growth patterns.Publication Postoperative Sore Throat among Patients Following General Anesthesia with Endotracheal Intubation in a Tertiary Care Centre(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Gauchan, Sabin; Thapa, Chitra; Yadav, Rajiv; Bhandari, SabinAbstract Introduction: Postoperative sore throat is the second most common minor adverse event after general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation. It is an uncomfortable and stressful sequel of tracheal intubation. The incidence of postoperative sore throat varies across different studies and type of anesthesia technique used. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of postoperative sore throat following general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients who underwent surgery under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation from 1 December 2022 to 31 October 2023 after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. The anaesthesia technique was standardized in all the patients. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 200 patients, postoperative sore throat was seen in 86 (43%) (36.14-49.86, 95% Confidence Interval) patients. The maximum reported time of sore throat was at a fourth postoperative hour 80 (93.02%). Conclusions: The prevalence of postoperative sore throat among patients undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation was similar to the studies conducted in similar settings.