Journal Issue: Volume: 29, No. 1 (2009)
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Volume
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Issue Date
2009
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
ISSN 1990-7974 eISSN 1990-7982
Journal Volume
Articles
Profile of Asphyxiated Babies at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital
(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2009) Shrestha, M; Shrestha, L; Shrestha, PS
Abstract:
Objective: To assess risk factors and outcome in the early neonatal period of babies who were asphyxiated at birth.
Methodology: This was a retrospective study conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH) over a period of one year from 15th Feb 2007 to 14th Feb 2008. All the term babies who had Apgar score of less than < 6 at 1 minute of birth were included. Detailed maternal risk factors during pregnancy and labor were analyzed. The newborn babies who required admission in neonatal unit were again analyzed for development of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and their outcome.
Results: During the study period, out of 3594 term babies, 327 babies (9%) were asphyxiated. Of the total asphyxiated babies, 85% and 15% had moderate and severe asphyxia, respectively, at 1 minute of birth. Out of these asphyxiated babies, 51% and 7% had intrapartum and maternal risk factors, respectively. Intrapartum risk factors like meconium stained liquor, non-vertex presentation, and fetal heart rate abnormalities accounted for 4 fold risk of asphyxia. Of these babies, 26% required admission in nursery and 29% developed hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Among the admitted babies 6% expired, 2% left against medical advice and rest were discharged.
Conclusion: Early identification and close monitoring of high risk mothers studies with maintaining partograph during labor will help to reduce neonatal asphyxia.
Kangaroo Mother Care for Low Birth Weight Babies: A prospective Observational Study
(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2009) Subedi, K; Aryal, DR; Gurubacharya, SM
Abstract:
Introduction: Kangaroo Mother Care is the low cost, humane technique for caring low birth weight babies by direct skin to contact with the mother.
Objective: The Prospective observational study was done to see the effect of KMC especially on weight gain on low birth weight babies weighing 2000 grams or less at Special Care Baby Unit of Paropakar Maternity and Women's hospital, Kathmandu.
Method: The study was conducted in Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of Paropakar Maternity and Women's Hospital over 7 months period May 2007 to Nov. 2008 (from Baishakh 2064 to Kartik 2065). The method of care consisted of skin to skin contact between the mother and the infant.
Result: It was observed that babies had good weight gain of average 30gms/day and had short duration of hospital stay of average 9 days. Babies had less morbidities like hypothermia, apnea, skin infections and oral thrush. 100% babies had exclusive breast feeding and KMC was acceptable to mothers.
Conclusion: Kangaroo Mother Care shows early and good weight gain in low birth weight babies. It is simple, low cost technique and well acceptable by mother and family and can be continued at home.
A Perspective Study on the Etiology of Diarrhea in Children Less than 12 Years of age attending Kanti Children’s Hospital
(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2009) Pokharel, M; Sherchand, JB; Upreti, HC; Katuwal, A; Gauchan, P
Abstract:
Introduction: Diarrhea is the most common illness among children causing highest number of mortality and morbidity in the developing countries.
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the etiological agents of diarrhea in children less than 12 years of age.
Methods: The study was carried out in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Health Research Laboratory and stool specimen were collected from Kanti Children's Hospital between February 2007 and August 2007. The specimens were processed by standard microbiological methods, serological diagnosis for the complete identification of bacterial isolate and use of Rotaclone for diagnosis for Rotavirus.
Results: A total 500 specimen were processed and 312 (62.4%) cases were identified with enteropathogens. Out of 500, 165 (33%) showed significant bacterial growth, 110 (22%) single or multiple parasitic infestation, and 167 (21.4%) Rotavirus. Among the bacterial isolate, Escherichia. coli (20.2%) were highest in number, Entamoeba. histolytica (10%), among the protozoa and Ascaris lumbricoide (1.4%) among the helminth. Age group 0-2 years showed most number of cases. The prevalence of Rotavirus infection was more in Inpatient (65.4%) than Outpatient (34.6%) (P>0.05). Ethnicgroup wise distribution showed that Gurung/Magar/ Rai/Tamang were highly infected (34.6%) (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that bacteria were the major etiological agents of diarrhea in children than parasites and Rotavirus. E. coli among the bacteria, E. histolytica among the parasite and Rotavirus constituted the major causative agents identified. The age group 0-2years was the most vulnerable group where most of the enteropathogens were detected.
Japanese Encephalitis in Children admitted at Patan Hospital
(Nepal Paediatric Society (JNPS), 2009) Shresta, SR; Awale, P; Neupane, S; Adhikari, N; Yadav, BK
Abstract:
This is a hospital based retrospective study, which was done in Pediatric ward of Patan hospital. Study period was one and half year (from Srawan 2063 to 2064 poush).Data were taken from discharge book of Pediatric ward, from the record section of this hospital, and from JE surveillance office, WHO, Kathmandu. All children from 1 month to 14 years ,who were admitted in Pediatric ward with symptoms of Meningitis, Meningoencephalitis and Encephalitis were included in this study and patients more than 14 years of age and symptoms not suggestive of meningitis, meningoencephalitis or encephalitis were excluded from the study. Headache; vomiting and fever were the chief complaints of patients. Two patients died during study period. There were 16 patients with serologically confirmed Japanese encephalitis.