Journal Issue: Volume: 13, No 3, Issue 51 (JULY-SEPT) 2015
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Volume
Number
Issue Date
2015
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
1812-2027
Journal Volume
Articles
Outcome of Titanium Elastic Intramedullary Nail in the Treatment of Shaft of Femur Fracture in Children
(Kathmandu University, 2015) Khan, JA; Singh, GP; Pandey, A
ABSTRACT
Background
Femoral-shaft fractures are among the most common fractures of the lower
extremity in children. There are several different options for treating femoral-shaft
fractures in children. Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) has become the
standard treatment for fractures of shaft of femur in children for reasons including
mini-invasive surgery, no need for casting, early mobilization and discharge as well as
growing concerns toward cost-effectiveness.
Objective
To demonstrate the effectiveness of intramedullary fixation of fracture shaft of femur
in skeletally immature children using the titanium elastic intramedullary nails.
Method
Forty children who underwent fixation with titanium intramedullary nails because of
fracture of shaft of femur (Winquist and Hansen type 1 and 2) were reviewed. There
were 60% male and 40% female patients and mean follow-up was six months. Time
of union, deformity at fracture site, limb length discrepancy, knee range of motion
and complications were assessed.
Result
Average age of the patients was 5.17 years (range 3 to 10). All patients achieved
complete healing at a mean 12.8 weeks (range 10 to 20 weeks). Average limb length
discrepancy was -0.16 cm (range -1.0 to 1.1 cm) average knee range of motion was
137.55 degrees (range 118 to 152 degrees). Complications were recorded in 13
(31.7%) patients and included: Five malunion which did not show any deformity or
functional impairment and eight superficial wound infections which were healed
after removal of nail. All patients were active as their pre injury levels at six months
follow up.
Conclusion
Elastic stable intramedullary nailing is the method of choice for the simple pediatrics
fracture shaft of femur, as it is minimally invasive and shows good functional and
cosmetic results. It allows short hospital stay and quick recovery from pain and is
cast-free.
KEY WORDS
Children, fracture shaft of femur, titanium elastic nail (TEN)
Association between Dental Prosthesis and Periodontal Disease among Patients Visiting a Tertiary Dental Care Centre in Eastern Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2015) Mansuri, M; Shrestha, A
ABSTRACT
Background
Dental caries and Periodontal diseases are the most prevalent oral health problems
present globally. The distribution and severity of such oral health problems varies in
different parts of the world and even in different regions of the same country. Nepal
is one of the country with higher prevalence rate of these problems. These problems
arise in association with multiple factors.
Objective
This study was carried out to describe the periodontal status and to analyse the
association of periodontal disease with the wearing of fixed or removable partial
dentures in a Nepalese population reporting to the College of Dental Surgery, B P
Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
Method
This study comprised of a sample of 200 adult individuals. All data were collected by
performing clinical examinations in accordance with the World Health Organization
Oral Health Surveys Basic Methods Criteria. It included the Community Periodontal
Index and dental prosthesis examination.
Result
A descriptive analysis was performed and odds ratio (1.048) and 95% confidence
interval (1.001; 1.096) was found out. The mean age of the population participated
in the study was 41.82 ± 14.80 years. A total of 93 (46.5%) males and 107 (53.5%)
females participated in the study. Among these subjects, 100% presented some
periodontal problems. The statistical analysis indicated that the probability of
periodontal disease with regards to wearing partial dentures was not significant as
suggested by the odds ratio (1.048).
Conclusion
There is no association of the wearing of dental prosthesis (RPD and/or FPD) with the
periodontal disease and suggests a need for populations based oral health education
programs, plaque control programs to reduce the incidence of periodontal disease.
KEY WORDS
Community periodontal index, dental prosthesis, oral health, periodontal disease.
“Question of the Day”: Impact on learning and retention
(Kathmandu University, 2015) Satheesha Nayak, B; Mohandas Rao, KG; Sudarshan, S; Naveen, K; Srinivasa Rao, S; Ashwini Aithal, P
ABSTRACT
Background
Studying regularly has been a known method for better memory and long term
retention of a subject. Getting students to study on a regular basis has been tried in
many ways and its impact is increased if they understand the importance and value
the efficiency of it.
Objectives
With large number of students, it would be a time consuming process to follow
one on one interactions or study sessions. Hence, we introduced a new strategy,
the “Question of the Day”, which is interesting, challenging and most of all; it has
produced positive influence on the examination performance of the students who
performed this task. Main objective of this study was to make students answer
questions related to the topics taught every day.
Method
Regular studying and updating the subject knowledge was provided through
Question of the Day (Annexure-1). The students were given the questions on a
regular basis during dissection classes and were asked to document the answers for
those questions.
Result
The students who worked on the “Question of the Day” scored significantly higher in
the exams than those who did not. The results of the opinion survey clearly indicated
that this exercise was liked by most of the students.
Conclusion
“Question of the day” did have a positive influence on the student’s performance.
Most of the students felt that this exercise had a positive impact on their study
methods, interaction with peers and teachers, retention and recollection of the
knowledge.
KEY WORDS
Anatomy, medical education, questions, self-directed learning, student learning,
teaching-learning.
Efficacy of Different Antihypertensive Drugs among newly Diagnosed Hypertensive Patient in Dhulikhel Hospital
(Kathmandu University, 2015) Humagain, S; Koju, R
ABSTRACT
Background
Cardiovascular disease represents the largest burden on global health, important
modifiable risk factor being hypertension. Difference in response to antihypertensive
medication depending on ethnic group is well recognized. There is very few data
regarding this difference in the South Asian population especially from Nepal.
Objective
The aim of this study is to find out which antihypertensive medication has better
efficacy in our population.
Method
One seventy two newly diagnosed hypertensive patients who presented to
cardiology OPD were included. Blood Pressure (BP) was recorded in both arms at
least three times. Patients were counseled for lifestyle and dietary modification and
were prescribed one of the three drugs Hydrochlorthiazide 25 mg or Amlodipine 5
mg or Enalapril 5 mg. Patients were called back in 4-6 weeks time and Blood Pressure
was recorded in similar manner.
Result
Out of 172 patients, 97 were male and 75 female. The mean age was 55.49±1.03
years. Mean Systolic BP before treatment was 156.2±10.6 mm of Hg and Mean
Diastolic BP before treatment was 100.5 ±6.8 with no statistically significant
difference among different groups. However Systolic BP reduction was 14.6 ±5.1,
21.9±5.9 and 21.8±7.4 by Hydrochlorthiazide , Amlodipine and Enalapril respectively.
Diastolic BP reduction was 8.8±2.5, 14.2±2.8 and 14.3±2.9 by Hydrochlorthiazide,
Amlodipine and Enalapril respectively.
Conclusion
Amlodipine and Enalapril are equally effective in controlling BP in our population.
Hydrochlorthiazide is less effective than both Amlodipine and Enalapril.
KEY WORDS
Amlodipine, antihypertensive drugs, efficacy, enalapril, hydrochlorthiazide.