Journal Issue: Volume: 60, No. 245 (2022) JANUARY
Loading...
Volume
Number
Issue Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
JNMA Print ISSN: 0028-2715; Online ISSN: 1815-672X
Journal Volume
Articles
COVID-19 among Pregnant Women Delivering in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Paudyal, Pooja; Katuwal, Neeta; Rawal, Suniti
Abstract:
Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic is raging across the world and has affected pregnant women as well. There is limited information regarding COVID-19 in pregnant women. The study aimed to find the prevalence of COVID-19 among all pregnant women who delivered during the study period in a tertiary care center.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care center from 16th August to 15th November 2020 after obtaining ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee of a tertiary care center. All the women who delivered in the hospital during the study period were enrolled and they were subjected to COVID-19 Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction test. A total of 667 samples were taken using convenience sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24 software. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: Among 667 pregnant women, the prevalence of COVID-19 was 47 (7.05%) (5.10-8.99 at 95% Confidence Interval). Though the majority of women were asymptomatic 40 (85.1%), 5 (10.64%) developed mild disease, 1 (2.12%) each had severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia.
Conclusions: The prevalence of COVID-19 among pregnant women delivering in our center is similar to other studies done in similar settings. In our study, we found that the majority of women had been asymptomatic and were diagnosed on routine testing. Hence, it is important to test all pregnant women before delivery for Coronavirus Disease 2019 irrespective of the presence or absence of symptoms.
Repeat Cesarean Section among Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Center of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Regmi, Dharma Raj; Dangal, Ganesh; Silwal, Ashmita; Shrestha, Dhan Bahadur; Oli, Prakash Raj; Budhathoki, Pravash
Abstract:
Introduction: Cesarean Section is the most common obstetrics surgery done for both maternal and fetal indications. There is a rising trend of cesarean section rates which is associated with increased maternal morbidities. This study aims to find out the prevalence of repeat Cesarean Section among women with previous cesarean sections done in a tertiary centre.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal from August 2020 to January 2021. Pregnant women with previous Cesarean Section status without other pelvic surgery and medical comorbidities were included and data were collected regarding intraoperative findings. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference Number: 14). A convenience sampling technique was used. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated, with frequency and percentage.
Results: Out of 1315 patients undergoing Cesarean Section, the prevalence of Repeat Cesarean Section was found to be 184 (13.99%) (12.11-15.86 at 95% Confidence Interval).
Conclusions: The prevalence of Repeat Cesarean Cection from our study was similar to other studies done in similar settings. Repeat Cesarean Cection confers peri-operative morbidities which adversely affect postoperative recovery. Repeat Cesarean Cection continues to contribute to morbidity over subsequent pregnancies and serious maternal morbidity.
Peripheral Vascular Trauma among Vascular Surgery Cases Operated in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Dahal, Sushil; Karmacharya, Robin Man; Singh, Amit Kumar; Vaidya, Satish; Dhakal, Prasesh; Thapa, Pratima; Shrestha, Prabha; Bhandari, Niroj; Bade, Sohail; Bade, Sahil
Abstract:
Introduction: Peripheral vascular trauma can result in limb or life-threatening injuries. Early surgical intervention leads to a better outcome. Diagnosis is made clinically, by non-invasive and invasive imaging modalities. Our aim in this study is to find out the prevalence of peripheral vascular trauma among vascular surgery cases operated in a tertiary care centre of Nepal.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of peripheral vascular injuries that underwent operative management in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal from January 2018 to May 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (Registration Number 79/20). Convenience sampling technique was used. Data for the study was retrieved from operation records of the patients along with their treatment summaries and entered and analyzed in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. All cases with complete records were included. Conservatively managed cases and cases that underwent primary amputation were not included in the study. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: Among 624 vascular surgery patients, 40 (6.41%) (4.48-8.33 at 95% Confidence Interval) patients had presented with peripheral vascular trauma during the study period. There were 26 (65%) cases where the upper limb was involved.
Conclusions: The prevalence of vascular surgery for peripheral vascular trauma among vascular surgeries operated in our study was similar to other studies done in similar settings. Vascular injury needs urgent intervention and appropriate management will result in a high chance of limb salvage and survival.
Acute Respiratory Infections among Under-five Children Admitted in a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study Authors
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Bhurtel, Radha; Pokhrel, Ram Prasad; Kalakheti, Balkrishna
Abstract:
Introduction: Acute respiratory infection is a major cause of mortality and morbidity among under-five children in developing countries. Children under five years of age are most vulnerable to various common but treatable conditions. The objective of this study is to find the prevalence of acute respiratory infections among under-five hospitalized children in a tertiary hospital of central Nepal.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary hospital of Nepal from January 2018 to December 2019. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional review committee (Reference No: 2020-073). Convenience sampling technique was used. Data was entered in the Microsoft excel sheet, then extracted and analyzed in the Statistical package of Social Sciences version 20. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage and presented in tables and figures.
Results: Among 660 children in our study, the prevalence of acute respiratory infection among hospitalized under-five children was 242 (36.67%) (32.99-40.34 at 95% Confidence Interval). Fever and cough were the most common presenting complaints among these children seen in 196 (81%) and 185 (76%) respectively. Stunting and wasting were seen in 37 (15%) and 26 (10.7%) of these children with acute respiratory infection while 6 (2.5%) of them were found overweight.
Conclusions: Acute respiratory infection is the most common reason for hospital admission among children under five years of age and the prevalence was high as compared to the standard study. The chief complaints are fever and cough.
Digital Eye Strain among Adults Presenting to Tertiary Care Hospital in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study Authors
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Basnet, Anjila; Pathak, Samyam Bickram; Marasini, Anurag; Pandit, Rohit; Pradhan, Amita
Abstract:
Introduction: The Novel Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has sent humanity indoors, replacing human contact with an electronic connection. The mandatory online classes and work from home policy to maintain the social distancing during the pandemic has forced the individual to spend most of the time in front of laptops or mobile screens. Digital eye strain is a group of vision-related symptoms that result from the continuous use of devices with digital displays, such as computers, tablets, and smartphones. The present study is done to find out the prevalence of digital eye strain among the adult population in a tertiary care hospital in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done from January 2021 to July 2021 in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Registration number: 077/78/30). Convenience sampling was done. The sample size calculated in our study was 322. Data collection and entry were done in Microsoft Excel, point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: The prevalence of digital eye strain was 300 (94.3%) (91.8-96.8 at 95% Confidence Interval) among 318 respondents. Eye strain (irritation, heaviness) was the most common digital eye strain symptom 199 (62.6%) followed by the tiredness of eyes 162 (50.9%).
Conclusions: The present study concluded that the prevalence of digital eye strain in the era of COVID-19 is high as compared to other studies conducted among adults.