Journal Issue: Volume: 22, No 1, Issue 85 (JANUARY - MARCH), 2024
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Volume
Number
Issue Date
2024
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
1812-2027
Journal Volume
Articles
The Double-Edged Sword: Social Media and Health in the Digital Age
(Kathmandu University, 2024) Shrestha, BL
NA
Role of Intraoperative Cholangiogram in Major Liver Resection and Complex Bilio-enteric Bypass Surgery
(Kathmandu University, 2024) Ghimire, R; Pandey, P; Acharya, BP
ABSTRACT
Background
Advances in surgery have decreased postoperative morbidities but bile leak is still a
major issue. Intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC) is considered better in identifying
bile leaks and anatomical delineation making its expanded use in hepato-biliary
surgeries.
Objective
To assess the role of intraoperative cholangiogram in major hepatectomy and
complex bilio-enteric bypass surgery.
Method
A single-centered, descriptive cross-sectional study between March 2022 to
February 2023 among conveniently sampled 32 patients undergoing Hepato-biliary
surgeries. One ampoule of meglumine diatrizoate was instilled into the biliary tract
and intraoperative pictures were taken via C-arm to visualize the biliary tree and pre-
operative and intra-operative pictures were compared.
Result
A total of 32 patients were included in the study with a median age of 42 years and a
male-female ratio of 1:1.67. During the bilio-enteric anastomosis, no intraoperative
anastomotic leaks were detected. Two patients experienced postoperative bile
leakage that was managed conservatively and eight cases had intraoperative bile
leakage which was addressed during surgery. The average duration of hospital stay
was 5 days.
Conclusion
An intraoperative cholangiogram is useful to delineate the biliary tract anatomy,
reassure anastomosis, and identify bile leaks in difficult bilio-enteric anastomosis and
from liver resection margins intraoperatively.
KEY WORDS
Complex hepatobiliary surgery, Intraoperative cholangiogram, Liver resection
Effect of Humour on Pain Perception among Young Healthy Indian Adults Using Cold Pressor Task
(Kathmandu University, 2024) Rhea, OP; Savitha, D; Anto, T
ABSTRACT
Background
Currently there is little research, especially in India, which has looked at the
physiological effects of humour on pain perception.
Objective
To compare pain sensitivity across the three arms of intervention (control, neutral
and funny videos). And to investigate the relationship between a) cardiovascular
responses across and within each arm, b) pain sensitivity and resting blood pressure,
pulse rate, c) humour trait with pain sensitivity.
Method
Subjects were exposed in random order to cold pressor task, during which they
either watched a ‘neutral video’ or ‘funny video’ or did not watch any video. During
the intervention, pain threshold and tolerance were recorded. Systolic and diastolic
blood pressure, and pulse rate were measured before and after intervention. Pain
unpleasantness was recorded post intervention.
Result
Neither humorous nor neutral videos had a significant effect on pain threshold,
tolerance and unpleasantness and cardiovascular responses. There was significant
difference between the pre and post values of cardiovascular measures within
neutral and funny video arms. In the ‘no video’ arm, negative correlations were
found between resting blood pressure and pain unpleasantness, and between delta
diastolic blood pressure and pain threshold. Humour trait and subject’s self-rating
of pain tolerance had no effect on both pain sensitivity and cardiovascular responses
to cold pain.
Conclusion
Humorous distraction had no effect on objective or subjective pain measures or
cardiovascular responses to cold pain exposure. There was a significant difference in
the pre-post values of cardiovascular measures within neutral and funny video arms.
KEY WORDS
Cardiovascular responses, Cold pressor task, Humour, Pain perception
Awareness of Burn First Aid Management among Undergraduate Medical Students at a Medical College Teaching Hospital
(Kathmandu University, 2024) Thapa, S; Thapa, B; Shrestha, S
ABSTRACT
Background
First aid training, educational degree of health sector employee is linked to
greater levels of knowledge, awareness and positive outcome in burn injury
and its management but studies have shown insufficient level of awareness with
unsatisfactory skills not only among professional healthcare workers but also in
medical students.
Objective
To assess the knowledge and confidence of our medical students towards basic burn
first aid and management.
Method
Cross sectional observational study was done using a structured, self-reported
16 multiple choice questionnaire with total marks of 30. Students was graded
accordingly: more than 25 points: good, 16-25 points: satisfactory and less than
16 points: poor level of awareness about burn first aid management. Confidence
in management of burn related victims, information on receiving of prior formal
training in burns and sources of knowledge in students were also evaluated.
Result
Only a satisfactory level of awareness is seen in medical students 62.1%, 98.2% had
not received any kind of formal training and the medical college curriculum was the
main source of information (69.2%) followed by journals (47.1%) and internet (26%).
78.4% students felt that the curriculum provided to them was inadequate and only
5.3% students were confident in managing burn first aid.
Conclusion
There was inadequacy in the knowledge of burn first aid amongst undergraduate
students therefore clinical course in managing burns into the undergraduate
curriculum is vital.
KEY WORDS
Awareness, Burns, First aid management, Medical students, Perception
Dental Biofilm Accumulation and Gingival Health of Teeth with Fixed Single Prosthesis Fabricated by Various Prosthetic Materials
(Kathmandu University, 2024) Pradhan, A; Shrestha, K; Aryal, S; Shrestha, S
ABSTRACT
Background
Periodontal health plays an important role in maintaining the health of natural teeth
as well as in the success of all dental procedures. Fixed single prosthesis (dental
crown) can be fabricated with different types of prosthetic restorative materials like
Metal, Ceramic, Ceramic fused to metal. These different materials have different
affinity for plaque accumulation leading to the development of gingival inflammation
and periodontal disease.
Objective
To determine the amount of Plaque accumulation and gingival health of teeth with a
fixed single prosthesis fabricated by various Prosthetic materials.
Method
This quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out from July 2021 to March
2022. The patients who visited the hospital after six months of use of the prosthesis
enrolled and were categorized into three groups according to the material used for
the prosthesis metal, ceramic, and metal-ceramic. The periodontal condition was
assessed using the plaque index and gingival index.
Result
A total of 136 patients (78 female and 58 male) were enrolled in the study, with
a mean age of 39.44 ± 16.23 years (Range 19 – 70 years). There were 47 patients
with ceramic crowns, 39 patients with metallic, and 50 patients with metal ceramic
crowns. The mean plaque index of metal, ceramic, and metal-ceramic crowns was
found 1.15 ± 0.546, 0.86 ± 0.479, and 0.93 ± 0.498 respectively. Similarly, the mean
gingival index of metal, ceramic, and metal-ceramic crown were 1.22 ± 0.56, 0.91 ±
0.48, and 1.09 ± 0.55 respectively.
Conclusion
The dental biofilm (plaque) accumulation and hence gingival inflammation is less in
ceramic crowns than in metal and metal-ceramic crowns.
KEY WORDS
Dental crown, Dental plaque index, Gingival index