Journal Issue: Volume: 58 No. 225, May (2020)
Loading...
Volume
Number
Issue Date
2020
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
JNMA Print ISSN: 0028-2715; Online ISSN: 1815-672X
Journal Volume
Articles
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infestation among Public School Children of a Community
(Nepal Medical Association, 2020) Sharma, Manisha; Sapkota, Jyotshna; Jha, Beena; Mishra, Bhavesh; Bhatt, Chandra Prakash
Abstract
Introduction: Intestinal parasitic infestation is one of the major health problems in developing countries like Nepal. This study was done to determine the prevalence rate of intestinal parasitic infestation among school children in Duwakot VDC, Bhaktapur, Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in 194 public school children of Duwakot village development committee from August to October, 2019. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (reference no. 1207201915). Simple random sampling was done. One hundred and ninety-four public school children individuals of 6 to 14 years of age were enrolled. Collected stools were examined for the presence of parasites macroscopically and microscopically. Microscopic examination was carried out by direct wet mount using normal saline (0.9%) and Lugol’s iodine (0.5%) mount. The data obtained were computed and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.0.
Results: A total of 194 stool samples were collected from school children and examined. The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis was 26 (13.40%). The commonest organism was Giardia lamblia in 22 (11.34%) cases. Among helminthic infection, 2 (1.03%) cases each were infected by Hymenolepis nana and Hookworm respectively.
Conclusions: The prevalence rate of intestinal parasite infestation in Nepal shows considerable decline in recent years. However, more effort is required by public health resources to minimize the problem further.
Keywords: intestinal diseases, parasitic, prevalence, schools
Prevalence of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome among Medical Students of a Tertiary Care Hospital
(Nepal Medical Association, 2020) KC, Shreeyanta; Shah, Rakesh Kumar; Singh, Avilasha; Prasai, Astha; Bhandari, Birat; Aryal, Saman; Khatri, Asmita; Thapa, Meena
Abstract
Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is considered to be one of the most common endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age. Characterized by a triad of androgen excess, anovulation, infertility, and obesity the disease can lead to several complications like infertility, endometrial carcinoma. This study aims to find out its prevalence among female medical undergraduates.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among female undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care hospital from 1st to 7th February 2018. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (reference number 10012018). The sample size was calculated. Systematic random sampling was done. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 was used. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: Out of 381 participants, the prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome was found to be 35 (9.18%) at 95% Confidence Interval (6.28-12.08). Eighty (20.99%) participants were reported to have prolonged menses, 28 (7.34%) tended to grow dark, coarse hair, 79 (20.73%) reported being obese or overweight, and milky discharge from nipple was present in 4 (1.049%).
Conclusions: The prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome was found to be similar to other studies conducted in similar settings. But still, it is a growing endocrinological problem in the females of the reproductive age group. Early screening is necessary to prevent lifelong complications.
Keywords: polycystic ovarian syndrome, medical students, Nepal
Patient Satisfaction in Out-patient Services at a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2020) Poudel, Lisasha; Baskota, Swechhya; Mali, Prajita; Pradhananga, Priza; Malla, Nabina; Rajbhandari, Bibek; Nepal, Susmita
Abstract
Introduction: Patient satisfaction is an important and commonly used valid indicator for the measurement of service quality. Patient responses to healthcare services are one of the best ways to obtain information about patient views regarding the quality of healthcare. The main aim of the study was to find out the patient’s satisfaction level in the tertiary care center.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 outpatients at a tertiary care center. Data were collected after obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional review committee. Patients were selected conveniently who visited any four of the major department. We collected demographic data and the patient satisfaction towards outpatient clinic experience was studied. We used the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire–18 to assess patient satisfaction. Data were entered and analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23. The mean score and the standard deviation were calculated.
Results: Overall satisfaction was 74.78% with a mean value of 3.7394±0.40128. The highest satisfaction score was found in regards to the interpersonal manner of health personnel (4.2872±0.61561) followed by communication (3.9628±0.40982) and the lowest was seen in accessibility and convenience
(3.2394±0.81478).
Conclusions: The mean score and percentage of patient satisfaction were high in the hospital. However, the accessibility and availability of medical personnel were only a matter of concern.
Keywords: Nepal, patient satisfaction, tertiary care center
Academic Stress among High School Students in a Rural Area of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2020) Gurung, Minani; Chansatitporn, Natkamol; Chamroonsawasdi, Kanittha; Lapvongwatana, Punyarat
Abstract
Introduction: The period of adolescence undergoes many physical and mental changes. Changing emotional and physical status along with increasing social, family, and academic pressure lead to various impairments in the mental health of adolescents. Academic failure leads to the suicide rate in adolescents, predominantly high during the declaration of exam results which is significantly high in a rural area in comparison with urban. The study examined the prevalence of academic stress among high school students in a rural area of Rolpa, Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 6 schools in Rolpa from July to October 2019. The sample size calculated was 521. A convenient sampling technique was used for this study. The target population was adolescents enrolled in high schools of Rolpa. Ethical approval was taken before data collection. The scale for assessing academic stress was used to find out the prevalence. A questionnaire was translated in local language and pre-testing was done in Nepal Police School, Sanga among 10% of the calculated sample size. Data entry was done in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 18. Descriptive statistical analysis was done for prevalence calculation.
Results: Out of a total of 521 students, the prevalence of academic stress was seen among 138 (26.5%) students at a 95% confidence interval (22.72-30.28).
Conclusions: The prevalence of academic stress in our study was high and was consistent with other South Asian studies. Understanding academic stress and providing help and support to the students would help ease the burden for them.
Keywords: academic stress, adolescents, Nepal
Prevalence of Congenital Malformations among Babies Delivered at a Tertiary Care Hospital
(Nepal Medical Association, 2020) Shrestha, Sabina; Shrestha, Anup
Abstract
Introduction: Congenital malformations have emerged as a major cause of stillbirths and neonatal mortality. It is a common cause of morbidity and mortality not only in the newborn but also in childhood and beyond. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of congenital malformation at birth.
Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 2456 live births in Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital from April 2017 to March 2018 after obtaining ethical approval from the institutional review committee (Ref no. 08052017). A convenient sampling method was applied. All the live-born babies delivered in this hospital during the study period were clinically examined for the presence of congenital anomalies. All malformations were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases-10 classification. The mothers of the newborns with congenital malformations were interviewed in a predesigned proforma. Statistical analysis was done using statistical package for the social sciences version 20.
Results: Out of 2456 examined live births, congenital malformations were observed in 66 cases. The prevalence of congenital malformation was 66 (2.6%) at 95% confidence interval (4.19-1.98) of total live births. The genitourinary system was the most common system involved with congenital malformations being 16 (24.2%), followed by musculoskeletal system 14 (21.2%), and cardiovascular system 12 (18.2%).
Conclusions: Congenital malformation plays a major role in the mortality and morbidity of neonates as well as children. The genitourinary system was the most common system involved.
Keywords: congenital malformations, live births, Nepal, prevalence