Journal Issue: No 2, Issue 26, APRIL-JUNE, 2009
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Volume
Number
Issue Date
2009
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
1812-2027
Journal Volume
Articles
Violence against women in Nepal: Role of health care workers
(Kathmandu University, 2009) Joshi, SK
NA
Tearfilm immunoglobulin E (IgE) level in vernal keratoconjunctivitis by ELISA
(Kathmandu University, 2009) Pokharel, S; Shah, DN; Joshi, SN; Choudhary, M
Abstract
Background: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is recurrent chronic allergic conjunctivitis occurring in the prepubertal
age-group with secondary involvement of the cornea and is self-limiting in character. The disease is prevalent world-
wide but it shows predominance in the areas with dry and warm climate including the South Asia. VKC represents
about 3% of the serious ophthalmic disease in some parts of the world where the prevalence is rate is high.Type I
hypersensitivity reaction which is IgE-dependent and type IV hypersensitivity reaction have been implicated for the
pathogenesis VKC.
Objective: To determine level of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the tear film of patients with Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
(VKC) attending outpatient department of BP Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies (BPKLCOS).
Materials and methods: Thirty-four VKC patients and thirty-four controls were included in this study. Tear samples
were collected using micro- capillary glass tube method and tear IgE levels were measured using an enzyme – linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: There was high concentration of tear IgE level in VKC (95.09IU/ml) than in controls (1.63IU/ml) though the
difference was not statistically significant (p=0.16). No statistically significant difference was observed in male and
female gender within VKC group and when compared with control group (in male group, p=0.21 and in female group,
p=0.26). There was no statistically significant difference observed in tear IgE level in different age groups within VKC
group and when compared with control group (p=0.30). The result did not show any significant difference in tear IgE
level with respect to the duration of the disease (p=0.23).There was no statistically significant difference in tear IgE level
with different episodes of VKC (p=0.69). No statistically significant difference of IgE concentration in tear was seen
among different types of VKC (p=0.53) and grades of tarsal and limbal papillae (p= 0.72).
Conclusion: There was high concentration of tear IgE level observed in VKC.
Key words: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, Tearfilm, IgE level, Type I hypersensitivity reaction, Type IV hupersensitivity
reaction.
Clinical profiling and use of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum
(Kathmandu University, 2009) Poudel, A; Pandey, BD; Lekhak, B; Rijal, B; Sapkota, BR; Suzuki, Y
NA
A retrospective study on the causes for evisceration at Tilganga Eye Centre
(Kathmandu University, 2009) Limbu, B; Saiju, R; Ruit, S
Abstract
Background: Evisceration is one of destructive surgery of eye after which a patient loses his hope of restoration of sight
forever.
Aim and objectives: To identify the major causes of evisceration at a tertiary eye centre of Nepal.
Materials and methods: This is hospital based retrospective study of patients presented at Tilganga eye centre,
Kathmandu, Nepal over a period of two years (10 Nov 2004 to 10 Nov 2006). Out of 2,31,976 total OPD patients, 71
patients who had evisceration with or without implant were selected and nally, only 67 patients record were enrolled
for study as data were insuf cient in the remaining records to ll up the study format. Data processing and analysis done
using computer SPSS 11.5.
Results: A total of 67 cases, with age ranging from 1.5 years to 85 years, out of which 33 male and 34 were female.
Evisceration was performed most commonly due to trauma and it’s subsequent sequele in 37 cases (55.2% of total
cases), who were within the age group of 30 – 59 years (p = 0.033) and predominantly male 25 cases(p = 0.001). Most
of the patients presented from outside Kathmandu valley, with visual acuity of no perception of light.
Conclusion: Evisceration without implant was most common surgical procedure, with trauma being the leading cause
for it and most of the trauma was seen in active, potential and young male patients. So prevention of ocular injuries
together with early treatment protocol is best way to decrease the rate of evisceration due to ocular trauma. To prevent
ocular injuries news paper, television and health education may play an important role.
Key words: Ocular trauma, destructive surgery, evisceration.