Journal Issue: Volume: 60, No. 249 (2022) MAY
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Volume
Number
Issue Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
JNMA Print ISSN: 0028-2715; Online ISSN: 1815-672X
Journal Volume
Articles
Rheumatic Heart Disease among Patients with Valvular Heart Disease Admitted to the In-patient Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Basnet, Kriti; Bhattarai, Shreeyash Raj; Shah, Sangam; Joshi, Amir; Sah, Sanjit Kumar; Gami, Roshan; Khanal, Rajaram
Abstract
Introduction: Valvular heart disease continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality around the world, with rheumatic heart disease accounting for the bulk of cases in developing nations. The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease among patients with valvular heart disease admitted to the in-patient department of a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December, 2018 to December, 2020 at a tertiary care centre after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review [Reference number: 395 (6-11) e2 077/078]. Patients of age ≥18 years presenting with valvular manifestations of any disease diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography were included and patients other than Nepalese nationals were excluded. Convenience sampling was done and a sample size of 327 was taken. Data were collected, entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0. Point estimate at a 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentages for binary data.
Results: Among 327 patients, the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease was found to be 237 (72.47%) (67.63-77.31 at 95% Confidence Interval).
Conclusions: The prevalence of rheumatic heart disease was similar to the other similar studies conducted in similar settings.
Diarrhoea among Children Under Five Years of Age Residing in a Village Development Committee: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Mishra, Rimu; Acharya, Alok; Yadav, Amar Kumar; Shreewastav, Rupesh Kumar
Abstract
Introduction: Diarrhoea is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among young children. It is reported that a large number of under five-year children still die of diarrhoea in Nepal. Nepal is striving for reducing childhood mortality by two thirds. The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of diarrhoea among children under five years of age in a village development committee.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study performed among 356 children below 5 years of age residing in the Village Development Committee between January, 2018 and December, 2018 after getting ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 209/2017). A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data and other pertinent information. Convenience sampling was done. The data were entered into Microsoft Excel version 16.0 and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23.0. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data and mean with standard deviation for continuous data.
Results: Out of 356 children less than five years of age, diarrhoea was prevalent in 156 (43.82%) (38.67-48.97 at 95% Confidence Interval). Eighty-six (55.12%) were males and 70 (44.87%) were females.
Conclusions: The prevalence of diarrhoea in our study was higher when compared to similar studies conducted in similar settings.
Lumbar Disc Degenerative Disorder among Patients Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Dev, Binit; Shah, Ashutosh; Chaudhary, Aashutosh; Yadav, Ajay Kumar; Jha, Subash Chandra; Chaudhary, Arun Kumar
Abstract
Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging is the standard imaging modality for detecting disc pathology due to its advantage of lack of radiation, multiplanar imaging capability, excellent spinal soft-tissue contrast, and precise localization of intervertebral discs changes. The aim of the study is to find out the prevalence of lumbar disc degenerative disorder among patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology of a tertiary care centre among patients with complaints of low back pain from 24th May, 2021 to 31st December, 2021 in a tertiary care hospital. Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 134/2077-78). A sample size of 899 was taken and convenience sampling was done. Collected data were entered and analyzed on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data and mean with standard deviation for continuous data.
Results: Among 899 patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging, the prevalence of lumbar disc degenerative disorder was found to be 155 (17.24%) (14.77-19.70 at 95% Confidence Interval).
Conclusions: The prevalence of lumbar disc degenerative disorder among patients undergoing magnetic resonance in our study was lower when compared to other similar studies conducted in similar settings.
Organophosphorus Poisoning among Acute Poisoning Cases Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Secondary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Pandey, Subhash; Shrestha, Nitesh
Abstract
Introduction: Organophosphorus is an easily available compound, especially in agriculture and farming related areas. This study evaluated organophosphorus poisoning among the population in those high-risk areas. The main objective of this study is to find out the prevalence of organophosphorus poisoning among acute poisoning cases presenting to the Emergency Department of a secondary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 427 patients presenting to the Emergency Department in a secondary care centre from 17th July, 2018 to 14th January, 2022. Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 01/2075-76). All the patients presenting to the Emergency Department were included and the patients without consent, patients with trauma, accident, severe illness and other emergency conditions were excluded. A convenience sampling was done. Data were collected and entered in Microsoft Excel version 2007 and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science version 25.0. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data.
Results: Out of 427 patients, 203 (47.54%) (42.80-52.28 at 95% Confidence Interval) had organophosphorus poisoning. It was most commonly seen in the age group 16-30 years among 103 (50.74%).
Conclusions: The prevalence of organophosphorus poisoning in our study was similar when compared to other studies conducted in similar settings. Most of the organophosphorus poisoning cases were intentional and suicidal which is similar to other studies.