Journal Issue: Volume: 10, No 1, Issue 37, JAN-MAR, 2012
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Volume
Number
Issue Date
2012
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
1812-2027
Journal Volume
Articles
Clinical Evaluation of Intrabony Defects in Localized Aggressive Periodontitis Patients with and without Bioglass- An In-vivo Study
(Kathmandu University, 2012) Satyanarayana, KV; Anuradha, BR; Srikanth, G; Chandra Mohan, P; Anupama, T; Durga Prasad, M
ABSTRACT
Background
Aggressive periodontitis is a specific type of periodontitis with clearly identifiable
clinical characteristics such as “rapid attachment loss, bone destruction” and
“familial aggregation”. Regeneration of mineralized tissues affected by aggressive
periodontitis comprises a major scientific and clinical challenge. In recent years
some evidence has been provided that bioactive glass is also capable of supporting
the regenerative healing of periodontal lesions.
Objective
The aim of this clinical and radiological prospective study was to evaluate the
efficacy of bioactive glass in the treatment of intra-bony defects in patients with
localized aggressive periodontitis.
Methods
Twelve localized aggressive periodontitis patients with bilaterally located three-
walled intra-bony defect depth ≥ 2 mm, preoperative probing depths ≥ 5 mm were
randomly treated either with the bioactive glass or without the bioactive glass. The
clinical parameters plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, gingival recession,
clinical attachment level, and mobility were recorded prior to surgery as well as
12 months after surgery. Intraoral radiographs were digitized to evaluate the bone
defect depth at baseline and 12 months after the surgery.
Results
After 12 months, a reduction in probing depth of 3.92 + 0.313 mm (P <0.001) and a
gain in clinical attachment level of 4.42+0358mm (P <0.001) were registered in the
test group. In the control group, a reduction in probing depth of 2.5 +0.230mm (P
<0.001) and a gain in clinical attachment level of 2.58 + 0.149 mm (P<0.001) was
recorded. Radiographically, the defects were found to be filled by 2.587 + 0.218
mm (P <0.001) in the test group and by 0.1792 + 0.031mm (P <0.001) in the control
group. Changes in gingival recession showed no significant differences. .
Conclusion
Highly significant improvements in the parameters Probing depth, Clinical
attachment level, and Bone defect depth were recorded after 12 months, with
regenerative material.
KEYWORDS
Bioactive glass; periodontitis, aggressive/surgery
Estimation of Stature from Foot Length in Adult Nepalese Population and its Clinical Relevance
(Kathmandu University, 2012) Mansur, DI; Haque, MK; Sharma, K; Karki, RK; Khanal, K; Karna, R
ABSTRACT
Background
Stature is the height of the person in the upright posture. It is an important measure
of physical identity. Interrelationships among different body measurements may be
used to estimate one from another in case of missing body parts.
Objective
Stature is an important indicator for identification. There are numerous means
to establish stature and their significance lies in the simplicity of measurement,
applicability and accuracy in prediction. The current study dealt with developing
a regression equation for stature estimation from foot length and to find out the
correlation between body height and foot length of Nepalese people.
Methods
The present study was carried out to establish the regression equation and
correlation coefficient between individual’s height and mean foot length. It was
conducted on 440 students of age group 17 to 25 years studying in Kathmandu
University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal. Body height and foot
length were measured in centimeter.
Results
There was significant correlation between height and foot length (r = 0. 703, p <
0.01).The regression equation for height and foot length was found to be Y = 3.179
X + 87.65, where X is the foot length and Y the height.
Conclusions
This study will help in medico-legal cases in establishing identity of an individual
and this would be useful for Anatomists and Anthropologists to calculate stature of
adult Nepalese based on foot length.
KEY WORDS
Age, body height, correlation coefficient, foot length, regression equation and its
coefficient.
Is Ethnicity an Important Determinant of High Blood Pres- sure in Nepalese Population? A community-Based Cross- Sectional Study in Duwakot, Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2012) Vaidya, A
ABSTRACT
Background
Hypertension is a rising public health problem in Nepal. Most of the upsurge is
attributed to the behavioural and lifestyle transitions. However, the hereditary
component such as ethnicity, which may also be an important determinant, has
not been studied.
Objective
This study aims to investigate if ethnicity is a key determinant of having a high blood
pressure in the Nepalese population.
Methods
A population-based cross sectional study was conducted in the Duwakot village of
Bhaktapur District, Nepal. Systematic random sampling of the adults was done in
all the nine wards. A total of 641 adults of both sexes, of age 35 years or more were
included in the analysis.
Results
Most of the life-style related risk factors were comparable in the broad two ethnic
groups- Tibeto-Burmans and Indo-Aryans. The prevalence of hypertension was
25.3% in the Tibeto-Burmans compared to the 14.0% in the Indo-Aryans. Crude
odds ratio (95% CI) of being hypertensive for the Tibeto-Burmans compared to the
Indo-Aryans was 2.07 (1.36-3.15) (p=0.01). After adjusting for the different factors
the adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for the same was found to be 1.78 (1.12-2.81)
(p=0.014).
Conclusion
There is an ethnic variation in the blood pressure distribution in the Nepalese
population, which might be acting independent of the different life-style factors.
More elaborate studies, including longitudinal and migration studies, and probably
genetic analyses, can provide a more definite answer.
KEY WORDS
blood pressure, ethnicity, Nepal
Current Fluoroquinolone Susceptibility Criteria for Salmo- nella Needs Re-evaluation
(Kathmandu University, 2012) Acharya, D; Malla, S; Bhatta, DR; Adhikari, N; Dumre, SP
ABSTRACT
Background
Disc diffusion technique is the routine susceptibility testing procedure for isolates of
enteric fever, the most common clinical diagnosis among febrile patients in Nepal.
Objective
To evaluated the current fluoroquinolones (FQs) susceptibility criteria and nalidixic
acid screening test in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Paratyphi A.
Methods
S. Typhi and Paratyphi A strains isolated from 443 suspected enteric fever patients
visiting National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL) during April through October
2008 were analyzed. All isolates were confirmed by standard microbiological
procedures including serotyping. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed
by using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and Clinical and Laboratory Standards
Institute (CLSI) approved interpretive criteria. Agar dilution method was used to
determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and
nalidixic acid.
Result
Out of 41 Salmonella isolates, 80.49% were nalidixic acid resistant, with S.
Paratyphi A showing higher resistance rate (88.23%) compared to S. Typhi (75%).
The difference in both MIC and zone diameter in nalidixic acid susceptible and
nalidixic acid resistant isolates was found to be significant (P < 0.001) and decreased
susceptibility to FQs was strongly correlated (sensitivity and specificity of 100%)
with resistance to nalidixic acid. Regression analysis of MIC against zone diameter
based on the current CLSI recommended guidelines suggests that accommodation
of current susceptible and resistant MIC requires increase in the zone diameter of
ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin.
Conclusion
Before using these drugs for management of enteric fever, appropriate identification
of Salmonella isolates with reduced susceptibility to FQs is essential to limit the
possible treatment failure and development of highly resistant strains. The current
FQs susceptibility break point criteria for Salmonella need re-evaluation.
KEY WORDS
Enteric fever, Salmonella, Reduced FQ susceptibility, Nepal