Journal Issue: Volume 14: No 4, Issue 56, OCT.-DEC, 2016
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Volume
Number
Issue Date
2016
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
1812-2027
Journal Volume
Articles
Reflections about the Impact of Infertility on Female Sexual Function
(Kathmandu University, 2016) Laganà, AS; La Rosa, VL; Rapisarda, AM; Vitale, SG
NA
Retrospective Study to Determine Stability of Mandibular Setback Surgery using Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy Technique
(Kathmandu University, 2016) Upadhyaya, C; Chaurasian, NK; Kafle, D
ABSTRACT
Background
Bilateral sagittal split osteototomy of mandible is one of the most commonly
performed orthognathic surgical procedure performed in the mandible. According
to hierarchy of stability, mandibular setback procedure is considered to be relatively
unstable procedure and chances of relapse are higher.
Objective
We conducted this study to determine the skeletal stability of mandibular setback
procedure using bilateral sagittal split osteotomy technique in Nepalese population.
Method
Lateral cephalograms of 14 patients who underwent mandibular setback using
bilateral saggital split osteotomy were taken pre-operatively (P1), immediate post-
operatively (P2) and eight months to one year post-operatively (P3). Cephalometric
tracing was done for all the cephalograms. Various parameters of Burstone’s hard
and soft tissue, Steiner’s and McNamara analysis were used in the study to determine
angular and linear changes following surgery. After tracing the cephalograms,
changes between P1- P2, P1-P3 and P2-P3 were calculated. Mean difference in
changes between P1-P2, P1-P3 and P2-P3 were compared using paired t test. P value
less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. Data analysis was done using SPSS
software version 20.
Result
Mean setback at Pogonion was 3.03 mm whereas at point B were 4.64 mm. Relapse
at Pogonion was 0.03 mm and relapse at point B were 0.02 mm. Mean change in
point A-Nasion-point B angle was 5.1 degrees whereas mean changes in NA-Pogonion
angle were 4.69 degrees.
Conclusion
There were significant changes in angular as well as horizontal parameters at P2 but
there were no significant changes in those parameters at P3. This is a preliminary
study that we have carried out at our institution with smaller sample size thus we
recommend a study with larger sample size and long term follow up.
KEY WORDS
Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, mandibular setback, stability
Work Related Musculoskeletal Morbidity among Tailors: A Cross Sectional Study in a Slum of Kolkata
(Kathmandu University, 2016) Banerjee, S; Bandyopadhyay, L; Dasgupta, A; Paul, B; Chattopadhyay, O
ABSTRACT
Background
Musculoskeletal disorders comprise the single largest group of work-related illnesses
in developing countries. Sedentary working style with wrong posture for long time is
considered to be an important risk factor, which is largely modifiable.
Objective
This study was performed to determine the prevalence and find out the factors
associated with Musculoskeletal disorders among the workers involved in tailoring
occupation.
Method
A descriptive community based cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban
slums of Chetla, Kolkata on March and April, 2015. One hundred and ten (110) out
of 383 resident tailors in the area were chosen by simple random sampling and
interviewed by approaching them in their work place. Descriptive statistics and
multivariable logistic regression were used
Result
Using Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire, Musculoskeletal disorders was found
among 65.45% of tailors. The most commonly affected site was neck (41.8%) followed
by lower and upper back. In bivariate analysis, musculo-skeletal disorders was found
to be significantly associated with age more than 45 years [OR (95% CI)= 3.35 (1.30-
8.60)], working for > 10 years [OR (95% CI)= 7.01 (2.93-16.79)*], working > 8 hours
per day [OR (95% CI)= 2.75 (1.20-6.20)], full time job [OR (95% CI)= 2.41 (1.08-5.39)]
and unfavourable workstation ergonomic [OR (95% CI)= 2.40 (1.10-5.40)], whereas
in multivariate analysis age, sex, duration in the profession [AOR (95%CI= 4.40 (1.40-
14.30)], working hours per day [AOR (95%CI= 7.20 (1.80-27.80)], and unfavourable
workstation ergonomic [AOR (95%CI)= 3.50 (1.26-9.80)] remained significant.
Conclusion
A multidimensional approach including appropriate technique in terms of operators’
posture and ergonomically sound workstation are required to avoid the debilitating
effect of Musculoskeletal disorders among the workers.
KEY WORDS
Ergonomics, musculoskeletal disorders, nordic questionnaire, sewing, slum, tailoring,
task light
Compliance and its Determinants Regarding Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation during Pregnancy in Kathmandu, Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2016) Rai, SS; Ratanasiri, T; Arkaravichien, T; Thapa, P; Koju, R
ABSTRACT
Background
Iron deficiency anemia is one of the major public health problems mostly affecting
pregnant women of developing countries like Nepal. Kathmandu, the capital city of
Nepal, has considerably high prevalence of anemia, which is attributed to inadequate
dietary iron and problems of compliance to iron and folic acid supplementation.
Objective
This descriptive study aimed to identify the levels of and determinants associated
with compliance regarding Iron and folic acid supplementation among pregnant
women in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Method
The study was conducted in Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital in
Kathmandu. Systematic random sampling was done to select a total of 406 samples
that were either handed questionnaire for self-administration or interviewed. The χ2
test and multiple linear regressions were used for statistical analysis.
Result
The findings showed 73.2% of the respondents had high compliance, 12.8% moderate
compliance, and 14% low compliance to iron and folic acid supplementation.
More than half of the respondents had insufficient knowledge regarding anemia,
iron deficiency and iron and folic acid supplementation. Multiple linear regression
revealed that perceived severity, perceived barriers and social support were
determinants of compliance to iron and folic acid supplementation (p<0.05).
Conclusion
This study infers that there is a lack of knowledge and awareness regarding anemia,
iron deficiency, and iron and folic acid supplementation among pregnant women,
and improvement in social support and perception of severity of the disease,
and minimization of associated barriers may lead to better outcome in terms of
compliance to iron and folic acid supplementation among pregnant women.
KEY WORDS
Anemia, compliance, iron, pregnant women, supplementation
Dysmenorrhea and Stress among the Nepalese Medical Students
(Kathmandu University, 2016) Katwal, PC; Karki, NR; Sharma, P; Tamrakar, SR
ABSTRACT
Background
Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological disorder in women of reproductive
age with implications as reduced quality of life and school absenteeism. Mental stress
is possibly the most important known predisposing factor for primary dysmenorrhea.
Objective
This study aims to assess the relationship between stress and dysmenorrhea amongst
the Nepalese medical students.
Method
This is cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted from 1st Dec. 2012 to 31st Jan.
2013. The study was conducted in Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences.
A total of 184 participants consented for this study and each one was given a
questionnaire to complete. This study included only unmarried nulliparous, healthy
(all through first to final years) female medical students, in age group of 16 to 24
years.
Result
The mean age of the participants was 19.43(±3.9) years. Among them, 67% of the
participants experienced dysmenorrhea. Of them, 85% experienced increase in
frequency and severity of dysmenorrhea after joining medical college. Similarly,
65% of participants considered medical education to be stressful. Of participants
experiencing dysmenorrhea, 29.45% missed classes and 17.39% participants had
positive family history of dysmenorrhea in first and second degree relatives.
Conclusion
The present study indicated a positive relationship between psychological stress and
dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is the leading cause of recurrent short-term school
absence in young ladies; this issue certainly needs to be addressed.
KEY WORDS
Absenteeism, dysmenorrhea, medical students, stress