Journal Issue: Volume: 60, No. 255 (2022) NOVEMBER
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Volume
Number
Issue Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
JNMA Print ISSN: 0028-2715; Online ISSN: 1815-672X
Journal Volume
Articles
Abruptio Placenta among Pregnant Women Admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Maharjan, Sujata; Thapa, Meena; Chaudhary, Babita; Shakya, Subij
Abstract
Introduction: Abruptio placenta is the complete or partial separation of the normally implanted placenta before delivery of the foetus. It is one of the commonest causes of antepartum haemorrhage affecting maternal and foetal outcomes. Early detection and timely intervention of abruptio placenta in daily clinical practice are important to improve maternal and perinatal outcomes. The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of abruptio placenta among the pregnant women admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among the pregnant women admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a tertiary care centre where data from medical records was taken from 1 January, 2021 to 31 December, 2021 after taking ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 1102202208). Demographic details of the patients including age and parity were recorded. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Out of 1514 deliveries, abruptio placenta was seen in 10 (0.66%) (0.25-1.07, 95% Confidence Interval) cases.
Conclusions: The prevalence of abruptio placenta among pregnancies was similar to the studies done in similar settings.
Road Traffic Injuries among Patients Visiting the Emergency Department in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Atreya, Alok; Kc, Arjun; Nepal, Samata; Menezes, Ritesh George; Khadka, Anuska; Shah, Palak; Kandel, Rakshya Arun
Abstract
Introduction: Road traffic injuries are preventable yet one of the most neglected public health issues. Road traffic injuries not only impact the health of the victim but also cause financial burden to the entire family. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of road traffic injuries in patients visiting the Emergency Department in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive study was conducted among patients visiting the Emergency Department in a tertiary care centre from 1 January 2021 to 30 June 2021 after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: IRC-LMC 07-J/020). Demographic information of the patients, accident profile and type of intervention at the hospital, and outcome were studied. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 8,765 patients visiting the emergency department, road traffic injuries were seen in 112 (1.28%) (1.04-1.52, 95% Confidence Interval).
Conclusions: The prevalence of road traffic injuries was found to be similar to other studies conducted in a similar setting.
Multiple Pregnancy among Deliveries in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Bajagain, Rupa; Karki, Chandrima; Mahato, Shilpi; Saha, Rachana; Saha, Nitu
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple pregnancy is associated with increased obstetric complications as well as poor perinatal outcomes in developing countries because of the increased risk to both mother and baby. So better understanding of the risk factors is required to improve the quality of perinatal care. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of multiple pregnancies among deliveries in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among total deliveries in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a tertiary care centre from inpatient records starting from 15 August 2020 to 15 February 2021 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 1208202005). Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Out of 4400 deliveries, multiple pregnancy was seen in 35 (0.79%) (0.53-1.06, 95% Confidence Interval).
Conclusions: The prevalence of multiple pregnancies was similar to the studies done in similar settings.
Maintenance Hemodialysis among Patients Visiting Nephrology Unit in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Agrawaal, Krishna Kumar
Abstract
Introduction: Maintenance hemodialysis is the treatment of renal failure and chronic kidney disease. Though the government of Nepal is providing free hemodialysis there is no chronic kidney disease registry or data to look into the clinical profile of patients. The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of maintenance hemodialysis among patients visiting the nephrology unit in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out from October 2021 to October 2022. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: UCMS/IRC/132/22). All patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled in the study. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 2190 patients visiting the nephrology unit, maintenance hemodialysis was prevalent in 100 (4.57%) (3.70-5.44, 95% Confidence Interval).
Conclusions: The prevalence of maintenance hemodialysis was found to be similar to the other studies done in similar settings.
Hyponatremia in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Parajuli, Suraj; Tiwari, Sanjeeb; Gupta, Sanjay Kumar; Shakya, Yogendra Man; Shakya, Yagya Laxmi
Abstract
Introduction: Hyponatremia is one of the common electrolyte abnormalities in intensive care unit settings. Hyponatremia may lead to an increased hospital stay, morbidity and mortality. Hyponatremia can occur due to a variety of iatrogenic as well as part of complex disease processes during hospital admission. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of hyponatremia in patients admitted to the intensive care unit of a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the intensive care unit of a tertiary care centre for a duration of six months from 12 August 2015 to 11 January 2016. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 124/6-11-E/072/073). Data was collected from hospital records. Patients with abnormal serum sodium levels after admission to the intensive care unit were included in the study. Hyponatremia was defined as a serum sodium level less than 135 mEq/L. Convenience sampling methods were used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 102 patients, the prevalence of hyponatremia was found to be 21 (20.59%) (12.74-28.44, 95% Confidence Interval).
Conclusions: The prevalence of hyponatremia in patients admitted to the intensive care unit was higher than in other studies conducted in similar settings.