Journal Issue: Volume: 16, No 3, Issue 63, JULY-SEPT, 2018
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Volume
Number
Issue Date
2018
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
1812-2027
Journal Volume
Articles
Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening: The Best Answer to Childhood Hearing Loss
(Kathmandu University, 2018) Shrestha, BL
NA
Assessment of Periodontal Status of the People in Chepang Hill Tract of Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study
(Kathmandu University, 2018) Humagain, M; Adhikari, S
ABSTRACT
Background
Periodontal disease is one of the common oral and dental disease globally. The main
etiology of periodontal disease is microbial plaque. However, it shares many common
etiological factors with other chronic diseases. The Chepang are an indigenous Tibeto-
Burman people group numbering around fifty-two thousand mainly inhabiting the
rugged ridges of the Mahabharat mountain range of central Nepal. They are the
tribes with different food habit, religion and culture. Till date no studies has been
conducted about the periodontal and oral health status of the Chepang people.
Objective
To determine the prevalence of periodontitis in adult Chepang population so that
knowing about its prevalence and distribution, besides serving as a demographic
tool, will also help in having overview about the need for providing proper oral
health care and awareness programs and initiatives aimed at reducing the disease
prevalence in this indigenous group.
Method
The study was conducted among the adult (21 to 70 years) Chepang of Chitwan
district. It was the cross sectional study with the random sampling technique.
Modified Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and loss of attachment were used to
record the periodontal status of all 308 sampled population.
Result
Out of 308 sampled participants 179 were male and 129 were female. The highest
number of participants were from 41 to 50 years old (38.31%). 57.14% adult Chepang
brushes their teeth once daily and 31.49% brushes twice daily and 1.30% of them
had never brushes their teeth. 36.36% had loss of attachment of 4-5 mm without
any significant gender difference. 6.17% of the study population had severe form
of periodontitis with ≥ 12 mm of attachment loss. Calculus deposit was abundant in
57.79% of the study sample, and 25.64% shows pocket depth of 4 to 5 mm. Loss of
attachment and CPI score is found to be increased with increasing age.
Conclusion
Result of this study reveals the presence of periodontal problems in adult Chepang
population. Higher calculus with attachment loss and pocket depth were the major
problems seen in this community. This highlights the necessity of implementation of
more preventive program in this specific targeted population.
KEY WORDS
Chepang, Community, Periodontal, Prevalence
A Study of F Wave Latencies, Chronodispersion and Persistence in Healthy Medical Undergraduates at BPKIHS
(Kathmandu University, 2018) Subedi, P; Limbu, N; Thakur, D; Khadka, R; Gupta, S
ABSTRACT
Background
The F wave is a CMAP (compound muscle action potential) evoked by a supramaximal
stimulation of a motor nerve. F waves are particularly useful for the diagnoses of
polyneuropathies at a very early stage and proximal nerve lesions. F waves have a
very high diagnostic role in neurophysiology; we would like to study different F wave
parameters and effect of anthropometric variables on F wave parameters in normal
healthy individuals.
Objective
To study the effect of anthropometric variables on F wave latencies, chronodispersion
and persistence
Method
Healthy males (n=64) and females (n=26) medical students of BPKIHS with age
21.64±1.19 years were enrolled in the study. Anthropometric parameters and
maximum and minimum F wave latencies, F persistence and chronodispersion
of bilateral median, ulnar and tibial nerves were recorded in Neurophysiology
Lab II of BPKIHS. Descriptive analysis was done for anthropometric and F wave
parameters. Unpaired t test was applied for comparing anthropometric and F wave
variables between males and females. Pearson correlation was applied between
anthropometric variables and F wave parameters.
Result
Age, height and weight of the subjects were 21.64±1.19 years, 165.61±5.4 cms and
64.07±5.5 kg respectively. Minimum F wave latencies (ms) of right median, ulnar
and tibial nerves were 24.09±1.95, 24.02±1.76 and 44.34±3.02 while on the left side
were 23.92±1.96, 24.11±1.92 and 44.07±2.83 respectively. Anthropometric variables
of male and females were statistically significant. Also, F wave latencies between
groups were different which were statistically significant. F persistence was above
80% for all tested peripheral nerves. Height and weight showed a significant effect
on F wave latencies (p<0.001). However, age did not show any significant effect on F
wave parameters.
Conclusion
Males have prolonged latencies as compared to females. Height and weight showed
a significant relationship with the F wave latencies of the tested peripheral nerves.
KEY WORDS
Anthropometric, Chronodispersion, F wave, Persistence
Hepatitis E in the State of Sikkim (North East India)-A report on an outbreak
(Kathmandu University, 2018) Gurung, S; Bhutia, PY; Sharma, T
ABSTRACT
Background
Hepatitis E virus is a significant public health menace in developing countries and
is being reported from newer geographical regions. It is enterically transmitted and
causes acute hepatitis.
Objective
The objective of this study is to correlate the patient details from outbreak of
Hepatitis E in 2012 with the water culture done during that period.
Method
Records of the patients with Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in 2012 were analysed.
Their serum samples were tested for Immunoglobulin M (IgM) Hepatitis E virus by
rapid immunochormatography (ICT) and further confirmed by Immunoglobulin M
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (IgM ELISA) in National Centre for Disease
Control, New Delhi. Water was tested by the Multiple Tube test method using double
strength Mc Conkey broth with neutral red and H2S test method.
Result
Patients with febrile jaundice (n-62) were screened for Hepatitis E virus and 32 were
positive by rapid Immunochromatography test and Enzyme linked immunosorbent
assay. The overall attack rate was 0.03%. Drinking water from ten different localities
in Gangtok were tested and 83% of the water were found to be unsatisfactory for
drinking during that period.
Conclusion
Regular testing of water quality and public education and awareness is important to
curb such outbreaks in future.
KEY WORDS
Acute hepatitis, Hepatitis E virus, Outbreak, Sikkim
Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinsons Disease in Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2018) Shrestha, R; Taira, T; Shrestha, P; Rajbhandari, P; Acharya, S; Pant, B
ABSTRACT
Background
Parkinsons disease is a central nervous system degenerative disorder affecting
motor system and characterized by progressive tremor, rigidity, gait abnormalities.
Surgical treatment of Parkinsons disease is based on the changes in the basal ganglio-
thalamocortical circuits which is altered in Parkinsons disease. Currently pallidotomy
and Deep Brain Stimulation are available modes of surgical treatment of Parkinsons
disease.
Objective
To know efficacy of deep brain stimulation in Parkinsons Disease in Nepal.
Method
All patients of idiopathic Parkinsons disease who underwent Deep Brain Stimulation
in Annapurna Neurological Institute and Allied sciences since 2014 were included.
The standard functional coordinates for Subthalamic nucleus and Globus pallidus
internus was used. We used Zamarano-Dujovny (ZD) Fisher Frame with its software.
Patients’ Unified Parkinsons disease rating score, Modified Hoehn and Yahr Staging
and Schwab and England Activities of daily living Scale were evaluated preoperatively
as well as postoperatively.
Result
Ten patients underwent Deep Brain Stimulation. The male is to female ratio was 2:1.
The mean age was 55.4±8.9 years and duration of illness was 5.5±2 years. There
was a significant improvement in the scores for the main motor manifestations of
the disease between the preoperative off-dopa and postoperative off-dopa/on-stim
conditions. There was a significant improvement in Schwab and England Activities
of daily living scale scores in the off-dopa condition between the preoperative score
and the postoperative M6 score.
Conclusion
Our result of Deep Brain Stimulation is quite promising. However, it is very expensive
and requires frequent follow-up for neuromodulation.
KEY WORDS
Deep brain stimulation, Parkinsons disease, Unified parkinsons disease rating score