Browsing by Author "Acharya, B"
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Publication Clinical profile and antibiotics response in typhoid fever(Kathmandu University, 2005) Bajracharya, BL; Baral, MR; Shakya, S; Tuladhar, P; Paudel, M; Acharya, BObjective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical profile and drug response in typhoid fever. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of paediatric patients suffering from typhoid fever who were admitted at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal during the period of two years and nine months. Results: Total numbers of 100 cases of typhoid were studied. Diagnosis of Typhoid fever was based on clinical features, Widal test and blood culture. The sensitivity pattern of drugs in blood culture was recorded. The mode of presentation, treatment history, laboratory investigations reports, antibiotics administered and response to therapy were recorded. Conclusion: Quinolone is still the highly sensitive drug and most widely used for Salmonella typhi. Because of the indiscriminate use of these drugs, resistant to ciprofloxacin has been quite high and the duration of the defeverscence period has also been prolonged. But Ofloxacin is still showed highly effective and widely used with good response. Key words: clinical profile, antibiotics response, typhoid fever.Publication Morphological Variation of Lip Patterns among Nepali Adults(Kathmandu University, 2024) Atreya, A; Yadav, PP; Acharya, B; Menezes, RG; Nepal, S; Khanal, KABSTRACT Background Lip patterns are normal lines and fissures in the form of wrinkles and grooves present in the zone of transition of the human lip between the inner labial mucosa and the outer skin. Lip patterns are said to be unchangeable and unique. Objective To determine predominant lip patterns found among the Nepali population and to evaluate whether any sex difference exists. Method This study included 411 healthy adult Nepali comprising 215 males and 196 females in the age group of 18-27 years. The data was collected using an automated mode Canon EOS 3000D 18MP camera with an 18-55 mm lens. Lip patterns were then divided into four quadrants using Suzuki and Tsuchihashi’s classification system. Result Lip pattern Type I (29.56%) was found to be the most common lip pattern in the study population. Sex-wise, Type I was the most common pattern with a prevalence of 28.72% in males and 30.48% in females. Applying the Chi-square test, a statistically significant difference (p 0.05) was not achieved in all the quadrants. Conclusion There is a marked variation observed between the findings of the present study when compared to previous Nepali studies. Being insignificant to sex differences, lip patterns should not be used as a useful resource in forensic casework for sex discrimination. KEY WORDS Cheiloscopy, Identification, Lip pattern, Nepal, Sexual dimorphismPublication The Etiology of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in Dhulikhel Hospital(Kathmandu University, 2017) Purbey, BK; Gurung, RB; Panday, R; Acharya, B; Mehta, RKABSTRACT Background Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a serious medical problem in cirrhotic patients. Patients with cirrhosis may develop upper gastrointestinal bleeding from a variety of lesions, including those due to portal hypertension, namely gastroesophageal varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy and other lesions as seen in the general population. Objective To investigate the etiology of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in liver cirrhotic patients. Method A retrospective review of 72 patients with liver cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding from January 2013 to March 2016 was carried out at Dhulikhel Hospital. Child Pugh score was used to assess severity. Endoscopic diagnosis was documented. Result Out of 72 patients, 56 (77.8 %) were male and 16 (22.2%) were female. The most common age group was 30-42 years age. Fifty four cases of cirrhosis were associated with alcohol consumption. The Child-Pugh score was A in 20 patients (27.8%), B in 15 patients (20.8%) and C in 37 patients (51.4%). A combination of alcohol consumption and HCV infection was significantly associated with a higher Child-Pugh score (p=0.031). Twenty six (36.11%) patients had esophageal varices as cause of bleeding on endoscopic examination while 29(40.28%) had varices and other lesions identified at endoscopy. Of these 29 patients, 18 were found to have bled from esophageal varices, and 11 were found to have bled from coexisting lesion. Conclusion We found that variceal bleeding was the commonest cause of bleeding in cirrhotic patients, with 55 (78.5%) having varices and 44 (61%) actually bleeding from varices. KEY WORDS Alcohol, Cirrhosis, Endoscopy, Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Variceal bleeding