Browsing by Author "Basnet, A"
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Publication Assessment of Symptomatic Dry Eye Disease among Postgraduate Medical Students of KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital using an Ocular Surface Disease Index Questionnaire(Kathmandu University, 2024) Basnet, A; Thapa, S; Ghising, K; Shah, SK; Pathak, SB; Pradhan, PABSTRACT Background Symptomatic dry eye disease is a growing public health challenge especially among those who are visual display unit users and other long-time near activity workers. Increased screen time, prolonged use of face mask and shortage of sleep among resident doctors increases the risk of developing dry eye disease that can affect their learning and social abilities. Data is insufficient on the prevalence of dry eye disease among postgraduate medical students in Nepal. Objective To find out the prevalence of symptomatic dry eye disease using an ocular surface disease index questionnaire among postgraduate medical students of KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted among three batches postgraduate medical students until 2023 of KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Imadol, Lalitpur. A single validated symptom-based questionnaire with 12 questions was used to assess symptomatic dry eye disease. Result Total of 110 post-graduate medical students with mean age of 30.4 years, 67 males and 43 females were enrolled. Among them, 68 (61.8%) had dry eye disease. Severe dry eye was the commonest followed by mild dry eye. There was statistically significant association between dry eye disease with the increased screen time and suboptimal durations of sleep. Conclusion About half of postgraduate students faced symptomatic dry eye disease. It is advisable for residents to have optimum sleep as possible, limit screen time and establish regular break time along their exposure. KEY WORDS Ocular surface disease index questionnaire, Postgraduate medical students, Symptomatic dry eye diseasePublication Clinical Profile and Management of Paederus Dermatitis: Insights from Teledermatology in a Tertiary Care Setting in Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2025) Shrestha, E; Basukala, MS; Mishra, A; Basnet, A; Karn, D; Tamang, AABSTRACT Background Paederus dermatitis is a cutaneous reaction caused by the contact of rove beetles (Paederus species) on the skin. Common in tropical regions, including Nepal, this dermatitis poses a diagnostic challenge in remote areas where dermatological care is limited. Teledermatology, employing telecommunications for remote consultations, has shown promise in addressing these limitations, yet its effectiveness in diagnosing and managing Paederus dermatitis in Nepal has yet to be thoroughly explored. Objective To analyze the clinical profile and management outcomes of Paederus dermatitis through teledermatology at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. Method A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 54 patients diagnosed with Paederus dermatitis through teledermatology at Dhulikhel Hospital between June 2024 and August 2024. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate associations with demographic and clinical factors. Result The study comprised 54 patients (59.26% males and 40.74% females) with a mean age of 28.4 ± 6.6 years. The most frequent symptoms included itching with a burning sensation (35.2%) and pain (24.1%). Linear erythematous plaques were observed in 42.6% of cases. Only 20.4% reported direct insect contact. Correlation analysis showed weak relationships between age, symptom duration, and lesion count. Multivariate regression indicated a baseline symptom duration of 2.7 days, with no significant association between age or lesion count and symptom duration. Conclusion Teledermatology is a valuable tool in diagnosing and managing Paederus dermatitis in rural Nepal, where direct access to dermatological care is limited. Future research should focus on expanding teledermatology’s role in other dermatological conditions. KEY WORDS Dermatology, Paederus dermatitis, Pederin, Rural health, TeledermatologyPublication Comparative Analyses of Clinical, Laboratory, and Radiological Findings between COVID-19 Deceased and Recovered Patients(Kathmandu University, 2023) Shrestha, MR; Basnet, A; Joshi, P; Bhat, DS; Maharjan, R; Thapa, R; Joshi, RD; Maharjan, R; Jha, RKABSTRACT Background Understanding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-specific indices has become important with increasing cases of COVID-related in-hospital mortality. Objective This case-control study compared clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings between deceased and recovered COVID-19 patients and identified the significant biomarkers associated with deceased patients. Method An analysis of clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings of COVID-19 patients admitted to the COVID-dedicated wards of Nepal Armed Police Force Hospital between March and December 2021 was performed using SPSS version 17.0, with statistical significance considered at p < 0.05. Result A total of 187 COVID-19 patients, comprising deceased [n=95, median (interquartile range, IQR) age: 66 (53–76) years, male: 61 (64.2%) (p=0.024)] and recovered [n=92, median (IQR) age: 51 (38–61) years, male: 44 (47.8%)], were included in the study. Compared to recovered COVID-19 patients, deceased patients had increased median respiratory (20 versus 29.5 breaths/minute) and pulse (83 vs. 86 beats/minute) rates; multiple co-morbidities (≥ 2) (11.9% vs. 32.6%) (p < 0.001); significantly (p < 0.05) lowered alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophil, hemoglobin and significantly (p < 0.05) elevated glucose, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), leucocytes, neutrophils, D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP); and chest abnormalities including bilateral (p < 0.001), peripheral (p < 0.001) interstitial (p < 0.001) and ground glass opacity (GGO) (p=0.002). Conclusion Elderly, male sex, increased respiratory and pulse rate, presence of multiple co- morbidities, lowered levels of ALP, TP, albumin, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, hemoglobin, elevated levels of glucose, LDH, ALT, AST, leucocytes, neutrophils, D-dimer, CRP, and chest X-rays showing bilateral, peripheral interstitial and GGO abnormalities were the significant indices associated with deceased COVID-19 patients. KEY WORDS Biomarkers, Comorbidity, COVID-19, Laboratory, Radiology, Signs symptoms, VitalsPublication Enteric Opportunistic Parasitic Infections Among HIV- Seropositive Patients in Kathmandu, Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2012) Sherchan, JB; Ohara, H; Sakurada, S; Basnet, A; Tandukar, S; Sherchand, JB; Bam, D SABSTRACT Background Enteric opportunistic parasitic infections are the major source of diarrheal disease in developing countries mainly in Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. Objective The study was to detect enteric parasites causing diarrhea and their association with immune status in HIV-seropositive patients. Methods The present study was conducted in Dirgh-Jeevan Health Care Research Center and Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Public Health Research Laboratory, Kathmandu, Nepal between June 2010 and May 2011 involving 146 Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients. Serostatus from these patients were detected by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay. CD4+ T cell counts were done by flow cytometry. Stool was examined for enteric parasites by microscopy with special staining methods. Results A total of 146 HIV sero-positive patients with and without diarrhea age between 20 to 45 years were included in the study. Of the 146 patients, the protozoan parasitic infection was found in 30.13% (44/146). Out of 146 patients, 78 had diarrhea in which parasitic infection was 39 (50%) and 7.35% (5/68) protozoal parasites positive cases did not have diarrhea. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in the level of infection of intestinal protozoan between the HIV seropositive with diarrhea and HIV-seropositive without diarrhea. Out of 43 patients whose CD4+ T cells were <200/μl, 29 (67.4%) had opportunistic parasitic infection whereas out of 103 patients whose CD4+ T cells were ≥200/μl, only 15 (14.56%) had opportunistic parasitic infection (P < 0.05). Conclusion Enteric opportunistic parasitic infections were detected in 30.1% among HIV- seropositive patients and low CD4+ T count indicated high enteric opportunistic infection. Early detection of enteric parasitic infections will help in the management and to improve the quality of life for HIV-infected individuals. KEYWORDS Diarrhea, HIV, Opportunistic parasites