Publication: Comparative Analyses of Clinical, Laboratory, and Radiological Findings between COVID-19 Deceased and Recovered Patients
Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kathmandu University
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background
Understanding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-specific indices has become
important with increasing cases of COVID-related in-hospital mortality.
Objective
This case-control study compared clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings
between deceased and recovered COVID-19 patients and identified the significant
biomarkers associated with deceased patients.
Method
An analysis of clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings of COVID-19 patients
admitted to the COVID-dedicated wards of Nepal Armed Police Force Hospital
between March and December 2021 was performed using SPSS version 17.0, with
statistical significance considered at p < 0.05.
Result
A total of 187 COVID-19 patients, comprising deceased [n=95, median (interquartile
range, IQR) age: 66 (53–76) years, male: 61 (64.2%) (p=0.024)] and recovered [n=92,
median (IQR) age: 51 (38–61) years, male: 44 (47.8%)], were included in the study.
Compared to recovered COVID-19 patients, deceased patients had increased median
respiratory (20 versus 29.5 breaths/minute) and pulse (83 vs. 86 beats/minute)
rates; multiple co-morbidities (≥ 2) (11.9% vs. 32.6%) (p < 0.001); significantly (p <
0.05) lowered alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin, lymphocytes,
monocytes, eosinophil, hemoglobin and significantly (p < 0.05) elevated glucose,
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase
(AST), leucocytes, neutrophils, D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP); and chest
abnormalities including bilateral (p < 0.001), peripheral (p < 0.001) interstitial (p <
0.001) and ground glass opacity (GGO) (p=0.002).
Conclusion
Elderly, male sex, increased respiratory and pulse rate, presence of multiple co-
morbidities, lowered levels of ALP, TP, albumin, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils,
hemoglobin, elevated levels of glucose, LDH, ALT, AST, leucocytes, neutrophils,
D-dimer, CRP, and chest X-rays showing bilateral, peripheral interstitial and GGO
abnormalities were the significant indices associated with deceased COVID-19
patients.
KEY WORDS
Biomarkers, Comorbidity, COVID-19, Laboratory, Radiology, Signs symptoms, Vitals
Description
Shrestha MR,1 Basnet A,2,3 Joshi P,4 Bhat DS,1 Maharjan R,1 Thapa R,5 Joshi RD,5 Maharjan R,6 Jha RK7
1Department of Clinical Laboratory
2Department of Microbiology
Nepal Armed Police Force Hospital
Kathmandu, Nepal
3Department of Medical Microbiology
Shi-Gan International College of Science and Technology
Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
4Department of Orthopedics
National Trauma Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
5Department of Radiology
6Department of Dermatology
7Department of Internal Medicine
Nepal Armed Police Force Hospital
Kathmandu, Nepal
Keywords
Biomarkers, Comorbidity, COVID-19, Laboratory, Radiology, Signs symptoms, Vitals