Browsing by Author "Chapagai, Manisha"
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Publication Anorectal Autoeroticism: A Case Report(Institute of Medicine, 2019) Tulachan, Pratikchya; Shrestha, Kenison; Chapagai, Manisha; Dhungana, Saraswati; Pant, Sagun B; Lama, Pratik; Bhandari, Ramesh SABSTRACT Introduction Anorectal autoeroticism is one kind of paraphilia where individual attains sexual pleasure through self inserting objects into ones rectum. We present here a case of 40 years old man presented in Surgery department with retention of steel glass into his rectum which he had inserted himself to achieve sexual satisfaction. Keywords: Anorectal autoeroticism, biopsychosocial factors, paraphiliaPublication Changes in the Quality of Life of Outpatients in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clinics in Kathmandu Valley(Institute of Medicine, 2019) Sapkota, Basanta; Tulachan, Pratikchya; Ojha, Saroj P; Chapagai, Manisha; Dhungana, SaraswatiABSTRACT Introduction: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is widely accepted treatment option for the opioid dependent individuals. The evaluation of the quality of life represents the assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment program. The study aimed to explore the impact of MMT program on clients’ quality of life in the first 6 months of treatment. Methods:A total of 63 patients were recruited from the 5 different methadone clinics of Kathmandu valley. A prospective follow-up design was used. The semi-structured pro forma was filled up. To assess quality of life, WHO Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF, 26-item version) was used. The tool was used to assess the quality of life at the baseline and after 6 months of enrollment in MMT program. Results: Following 6 months of methadone maintenance treatment of opioid dependent individuals, significant improvements (P<0.001) were observed in all measured domains of quality of life i.e. physical, psychological, environmental and social. The least improvement was noted in the social domain. Conclusion: Methadone maintenance treatment is helpful in improving the quality of the life of the opioid dependent individuals in MMT clinics. Keywords: Kathmandu valley, methadone, methadone maintenance treatment, quality of lifePublication Internet Addiction among Undergraduate Medical Students and its Association with Sensation-Seeking Traits(Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, 2025) Sawant, Sandesh; Thakuri, Amit Chand; Gupta, Pramanand Prasad; Karki, Isha; Mahseth, Pritika; Chapagai, ManishaAbstract: Introduction: Easy access to the internet has raised concerns about internet addiction among medical students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of internet addiction and its relationship with sensation-seeking traits. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at National Medical College, Birgunj, Nepal, from January to June 2023. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Ref. No: F-NMC/620/079-080). Undergraduate medical students were selected through convenience sampling. The Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and Arnett Sensation Seeking Scale were used for data collection, and data were analyzed using SPSS 21 with descriptive statistics, t-test, and Pearson correlation. Results: The study included 155 undergraduate medical students (Mean age: 21.22 ± 1.649 years). Most were fourth-year (n=58, 37.4%), followed by first-year (n=42, 27.1%), second-year (n=29, 18.7%), and third-year (n=26, 16.8%) students. Internet addiction was found in 86 students (55.5%), with 84 (54.2%) showing problematic and 2 (1.3%) severe use. High sensation-seeking traits were observed in 47 (30.3%). Weak negative correlations were found between internet addiction and sensation-seeking (r = -0.143 to -0.126, p > 0.05). Gender differences were observed in sensation-seeking (p = 0.022) and intensity (p < 0.001), but not in internet addiction or novelty (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The study found a high prevalence of internet addiction, with weak negative correlations to sensation-seeking traits, highlighting the need for awareness and interventions on healthy internet use.Publication Knowledge and Attitude on Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Among Nurses Working in the University Hospital of Nepal(Nepal Health Research Council, 2026) Singh, Shreejana; Joshi, Deepak Raj; Maharjan, Ajanta; Khatri, Pratima; Shahi, Bhibhooti; Chapagai, Manisha; Parajuli, Bimala; Sharma, Mohan RajAbstract: Background: Nurses are pivotal in primary healthcare and often serve as the first point of patient contact. Delivering evidence-based care is essential for ensuring high-quality services. Clinical research in hospital settings provides the evidence base that supports such care. This study aimed to assess nurses’ knowledge of clinical research ethics and their attitudes toward conducting research at a university hospital. Methods: A pretested semi-structured questionnaire, developed from literature and expert input, was used to collect data on demographics, research knowledge, and attitudes toward ethical conduct of clinical research among 279 nurses at the University Hospital. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee, and data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (t-test and ANOVA) in SPSS version 26. Results: Most respondents were aged 26–30 years, held bachelor’s degrees, and lacked formal research training, though over half had prior research experience. Knowledge of clinical research, particularly ethics and trial procedures, was high, and attitudes were largely positive. Misconceptions persisted regarding vulnerable populations, the use of placebos, and blinding. Knowledge and attitude scores were significantly associated with education and research experience, while nearly all nurses acknowledged the necessity of clinical trials (98.9%) and ethical guidelines (93.5%). Conclusions: Nurses demonstrated strong knowledge of research ethics and positive attitudes toward clinical research, though gaps in specific ethical concepts highlight the need for enhanced formal training to strengthen their confidence and readiness for ethical research engagement. Keywords: Attitude; clinical research; ethics; knowledge; Nepal; nurses. Author Biography Manisha Chapagai , Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, NepalPublication Screening and Management of Perinatal Depression in Nepal: The Need for Urgent Action(Nepal Health Research Council, 2026) Pudasainee-Kapri, Sangita; Wunnenberg, Mary; Shrestha, Tumla; Chapagai, Manisha; Chapagain, Ram Hari; Gyawali, JeevanAbstract: Perinatal depression is one of the most neglected public health concerns among reproductive-age women in resource-limited countries, such as Nepal. Currently, there is a lack of standardized protocols to screen and treat women for depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period in Nepal. Additionally, healthcare providers are often not adequately trained to identify and treat perinatal depression. This, coupled with the stigma related to mental health issues and a lack of community resources, can delay the identification and treatment of perinatal depression among women. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the need for routine screening and management guidelines for perinatal depression utilizing standardized and validated instruments and the establishment of community resources to enhance the outcomes of mothers and infants. Perinatal depression is the most common mental health issue among women of reproductive age. Collaborative efforts among healthcare workers and policymakers are essential to enhance maternal and child well-being. Fostering a comprehensive and culturally sensitive program Nepal can take a significant step toward reducing the burden of perinatal depression and improving the quality of life for women and their families. Routine screening for perinatal depression at different time points during pregnancy and postpartum for one year following childbirth as well as implementation of standardized screening and treatment guidelines to improve outcomes for women and their families. Keywords: Infants; perinatal depression; postpartum; pregnancy; screening.