Browsing by Author "Humagain, S"
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Publication Association of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Coronary Artery Lesion Among Coronary Artery Disease Patients(Kathmandu University, 2014) Koju, R; Humagain, S; Khanal, KABSTRACT Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with the numbers of risk factors causing coronary atherosclerosis. Coronary artery stenosis is mostly caused by coronary atherosclerosis. Objective This study aims to analyze the association between coronary artery stenosis and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods An observational study was conducted among CAD patients. The diagnostic coronary angiogram was performed from femoral approach using standard catheters and techniques to find out any abnormalities. Result A total 73 patients (44 male and 29 female) with coronary artery disease undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography was included with the documented cardiovascular risk factors. The coronary stenosis was found in 40 patients on the basis of stenosis grading. Among the established cardiovascular risk factors, sex, diabetes mellitus and smokers show are significantly associated with coronary stenosis among CAD patients. The present study shows the significant association of coronary stenosis among male CAD patients (OR 2.47; CI 0.94 – 6.48, p <0.05) and similar association has been observed in diabetes mellitus (OR 3.32; CI 1.12 – 9.84, p <0.05) and smoking (OR 4.10; CI 1.45 – 11.61, p <0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of CAD is increased with numbers of presence of cardiovascular risk factors. Male gender, diabetes mellitus and smoking are significantly associated with coronary stenosis among CAD patients. However, hypertension and dyslipidemia are comparable between coronary stenosis and no significant stenosis group. KEY WORDS Acute coronary syndrome, coronary angiography, coronary artery disease, stable anginaPublication Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hypertension Among People Aged 50 years and more in Banepa Municipality, Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2012) Manandhar, K; Koju, R; Sinha, NP; Humagain, SABSTRACT Background Hypertension is a cardiovascular disorder rapidly emerging as a major public health problem in developing countries and is the most widely recognized modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Objective The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence and associated risk factors with hypertension among people aged 50 years and more in Banepa Municipality, Kavre, Nepal. Methods It is a cross- sectional, population based study which was carried out in Banepa Municipality from May 15 to June 15, 2009. Among total 11 wards of Banepa municipally, wards number 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 10 were selected by using Simple Random Sampling Technique and 405 subjects of people aged 50 years and more were selected for study from the selected wards by using Cluster Sampling. The structured interview method was used for collection of data. Mercury sphygmomanometers with standard cuff were used to measure the indirect auscultatory arterial blood pressure. Two consecutive blood pressure readings were taken and average of them was calculated to determine single value of blood pressure. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 44.9 percent (47.75% in male and 42.73% in females). Among them, only 32.9 percent (60/182) were previously diagnosed as hypertension. The higher proportion of hypertensive cases were in age > 65 years (55.49%) than in the age group < 65 years (36.32%). The prevalence of hypertension was seen positively associated with non vegetarian eating habits, alcohol consumption, and > 25 Body max index. Taking green leafy vegetable at least once a week was negatively associated with the prevalence of the hypertension. Conclusion These findings provide important information on the prevalence, associated factors of hypertension in Banepa Municipality. Effective public health measures and strategies are needed to improve prevention, diagnosis and access to treatment of these 50 years and above population. KEY WORDS Associated risk factors, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, prevalence