Browsing by Author "Jha, Ashwini Kumar"
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Publication Cholesterol Gallstone among Patients with Cholelithiasis Admitted to the Department of Surgery of a Tertiary Care Center(Nepal Medical Association, 2023) Jha, Ashwini Kumar; Jha, Mina; Adhikari, SunilAbstract Introduction: Gallstone is one of the most common pathological conditions found mostly in females. The incidence of cholesterol gallstones is developing higher nowadays which is increasing the burden of cost in society. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of cholesterol gallstones among patients with cholelithiasis admitted to the Department of Surgery of a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with cholelithiasis who presented in the Department of Surgery of tertiary care centre for cholecystectomy (laparoscopic or open) from 23 December 2022 to 22 September 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Patients who were diagnosed by use of abdominal ultrasound or CT scan were included. Those patients with gallbladder polyps, cholangitis, and gallbladder tumours were excluded from the study. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 190 patients, the prevalence of cholesterol gallstones was seen in 85 (44.74%) (37.67-51.81, 95% Confidence Interval). The female to male ratio was 6.72:1. Conclusions: The prevalence of cholesterol gallstones was found to be higher as compared to other studies done in similar settings.Publication Mesorrhine Type of Nose among Medical Students of a Medical College(Nepal Medical Association, 2023) Jha, Mina; Jha, Ashwini Kumar; Thakur, Umeshwar Prasad; Sinha, Ragni; Jha, AnushreeAbstract Introduction: The nose is an attraction point in our face and one of the important sense organs of our body. The knowledge of the type of nose is essential for surgeons undertaking esthetic repair and reconstruction of noses The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of the mesorhine type of nose among medical students of a medical college. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among medical students of medical college after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Students of age groups 16-25 years from different religions with various castes/ethnicities were included. Those with craniofacial abnormalities, nasal deviation and a history of nasal trauma were excluded. All the nasal parameters were measured with the help of vernier’s calliper and the nasal index was calculated. Convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 215 medical students, the prevalence of mesorrhine type of nose was 130 (60.46%) (53.92-67, 95% Confidence Interval). Conclusions: The prevalence of mesorrhine type of nose among medical students was similar to other studies done in similar settings.Publication Thyroidea Ima Artery in Cadavers of a Medical College in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Jha, Mina; Dhungel, Shaligram; Jha, Ashwini Kumar; Yadav, Sudeep KumarAbstract Introduction: Thyroidea ima artery is a variant arterial branch of arch of aorta supplying the thyroid gland. Understanding the anatomic variances and correctly identifying the thyroidea ima artery is crucial to preventing serious complications both before and after neck surgery. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of thyroidea ima artery in cadavers of a medical college in Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the department of anatomy in Janaki Medical College, Dhanusha, Nepal from 27 December 2022 to 30 June 2023 after ethical clearence from the same institution. Origin of thyroidea ima artery was observed, recorded and photographed. Convenience sampling method was used. Data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Results: Out of 35 cadavers, thyroidea ima artery was present in 2 (5.71%), arising from brachiocephalic trunk just proximal to its bifurcation and there was absence of inferior thyroid artery. Conclusions: Findings from our study showed that thyroidea ima artery originated from brachiocephalic trunk with absence of inferior thyroid artery.