Browsing by Author "Maharjan, Surendra"
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Publication Arch Form and Mathematical Ratio in Orthodontics Patients: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Institute of Medicine, 2023) Maharjan, Surendra; Rajbhandari, Anjana; Pradhan, Resina; Bajracharya, Manju; Manandhar, Pushkar; Pant, Bashu DABSTRACT Introduction: Orthodontic treatment aims to achieve a pleasing and stable occlusion. To attain these, the patient's arch shape should be determined before treatment and maintained during treatment. Many attempts have been made to find out the original arch form, but those procedures have had some difficulties. The aim of this study was to determine the arch form using a comparatively simpler mathematical ratio. Methods: In this observational, descriptive cross-sectional study, 300 maxillary pretreatment casts from various malocclusion cases were collected. To determine the arch form, the mathematical ratio (CD/CW)/ (MD/MW) was used. Data were collected in Microsoft Excel and analyzed in IBM SPSS for descriptive statistics and one way ANOVA. Results: Among 300 individuals, 108 (36%) were males and 192 (64%) were females. In 29 (9.67%) males had square, 48 (16%) had oval, and 31 (10.33%) had tapered shaped arch forms, while 54 (18%) females had square, 77 (25.67%) had oval, and 61 (20.33%) had tapered shaped arch forms. The mean values of arch form were significant in both gender and age groups. Conclusion: The majority of participants had an oval arch form, followed by a tapered and square-shaped arch form. Keywords: Arch form; mathematical ratio; orthodontic treatmentPublication Average Type Smile in Posed Smile of Individuals Visiting Department of Orthodontics of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Maharjan, Surendra; Rajbhandari, Anjana; Pradhan, Resina; Bajracharya, Manju; Manandhar, Pushkar; Pant, Bashu DevAbstract: Introduction: New concepts and methods have been developed in orthodontics with patients' increased concern on esthetics. Among the various parameters of smile, smile type, smile arc, and smile symmetry are essential for a beautiful smile. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of average type in posed smiles of individuals visiting the department of orthodontics. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st April 2021 to 30th June 2021 at a tertiary care hospital. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 1, CH No. 30, 2077/2078). A convenience sampling technique was used to collect a total of 413 samples of posed smile photographs. Data was collected and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2013. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage. Results: Among 413 individuals, the average type of smile was found in 193 (46.73%) (42.12-51.74 at 95% Confidence Interval). Out of 87 average smile type males, most of them 51 (58.62%) had non consonant smile arcs and 47 (54.02%) had asymmetric type smiles. On the contrary, the majority of females 76 (71.70%) had a consonant arc smile while 63 (59.43%) had an asymmetric smile. Conclusions: The prevalence of the average type of smile was higher in our study as in other published literatures.Publication Cranial Base Measurements in Skeletal Malocclusion among Orthodontic Patients(Nepal Health Research Council, 2023) Pant, Bashu Dev; Rajbhandari, Anjana; Pradhan, Resina; Bajracharya, Manju; Maharjan, SurendraAbstract Background: Facial growth and development is necessary for proper orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Growth of cranial base is linked to the overall growth of facial bones, especially the maxilla and mandible. Any change in the amount and direction of growth of the cranial base can have direct or indirect effects on the developing maxilla and mandible. Thus the aim of this study was to determine the linear and angular cranial base measurements in different skeletal malocclusion in Nepalese population. Methods: Pretreatment lateral cephalograms of 225 patients aged between 17-30 years were collected. Linear measurements Sella-Nasion (S-N), Sella-Articulare (S-Ar), Articulare-Gonion (Ar-Go), Gonion-Gnathion (Go-Gn) and angular measurements Saddle angle (N-S-Ar), Articular angle (S-Ar-Go) and Gonial angle (Ar-Go-Gn) were measured. Results: In angular measurements statistically significant differences were found in the saddle and gonial angles between class I, II, and III skeletal pattern. In linear measurements, anterior and posterior cranial base lengths were not significantly different among groups however, ramal height and mandibular body length were significantly different among groups with a P value < 0.05. Conclusions: Skeletal class III has a larger gonial angle, ramal height and mandibular length. Males have larger linear measurements and females have larger angular measurements. Keywords: Cephalogram; Cranial base; Skeletal malocclusionPublication Impacted Canine in Orthodontic Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2021) Pant, Bashu Dev; Rajbhandari, Anjana; Pradhan, Resina; Bajracharya, Manju; Manandhar, Pushkar; Maharjan, Surendra; Pun, Dilli Bahadur; Sah, Barun KumarAbstract: Introduction: Impacted canine is a frequently encountered clinical problem during orthodontic practice with different prevalence in each region. Treatment usually requires an interdisciplinary approach which is difficult and time consuming. Surgical exposure of the impacted tooth and the complex orthodontic mechanisms are used to align the tooth into the arch. This study was designed to find out the prevalence of impacted canine in orthodontic patients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done with hospital records of patients from 15 to 38 years of age visited department of Orthodontics at a tertiary care hospital from August 2020 to March 2021 after obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional review committee. Convenience sampling method was used. Patients Orthopantomogram and clinical notes were thoroughly evaluated. To locate position of impacted canine cone-beam computed tomography images were used. The data was collected and entered in Microsoft Excel. Point estimate at 99% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of 1008 patients, 44 (4.37%) (2.71-6.03 at 99% Confidence Interval) patients had impacted canines. Among them, maxillary canine impaction was seen in 38 (3.77%) and mandibular canine impaction in 6 (0.60%). Conclusions: The overall prevalence of impacted canines was found lower than previous studies done in similar settings. Large number of patients had buccal impaction compared to palatal impaction.