Browsing by Author "Manandhar, N"
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Publication Gaming Disorder among Medical College Students during COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown(Kathmandu University, 2020) Shrestha, MV; Manandhar, N; Sharma, SC; Joshi, SKABSTRACT Background The frequent lockdown in Nepal during COVID-19 pandemic had brought various kinds of complexities such as stress among college students. This situation had created uncertainty of future academic career of undergraduate students in medical colleges. Some previously published literature showed gaming as a coping mechanism against stress. Objective To assess the gaming behavior of Medical college students during lockdown in COVID-19 pandemic. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted during lockdown period of July to August 2020. A total of 412 college students were enrolled. Online Google forms were shared to all the eligible students through email, viber and messenger with the help of class representative. Collected data were analyzed in SPSS version 20.0. Result The prevalence of gaming disorder was 8.5% among 260 internet gaming users. About 69.2% of the participants reported that their gaming behavior had increased due to stress of COVID-19 pandemic. Gender and spending more time online per day showed significant associations with greater scores on the internet gaming disorder. Conclusion During lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic, the gaming behavior of medical college students has increased. KEY WORDS COVID-19, Gaming disorder, Prevalence, Stress, StudentsPublication Pattern of Dental Problems among Patients Visiting a Dental Hospital during COVID-19 Pandemic(Kathmandu University, 2020) Dixit, PB; Dixit, S; Dahal, S; Poudel, P; Roy, D; Manandhar, NABSTRACT Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Nepal is a part of this worldwide corona virus disease. In this critical situation, the patients have a sense of insecurity visiting dental hospital. Objective To assess the pattern of dental problems in patients visiting a dental college during COVID-19. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Dental Hospital of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital from May to August 2020. The patients visiting the Dental hospital were assessed for dental problems. Data were analyzed in Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 20. Frequency and percentage for pattern of dental problems were calculated. Result Most of the patients of age group of 14 to 31 years 530 (36.53%) had dental problems during the survey period. Out of total patients having dental emergency, 739 (50.93%) were males and 712 (49.07%) were females. Majority 545 (37.56%) visited the dental hospital for endodontic consultation followed by emergency consultation for oral surgical procedures 298 (20.54%). Least consulted dental emergency condition was prosthodontic consultation 18 (1.24%). Conclusion The study findings showed that the major dental problems in patients causing emergency visit to dental hospital during COVID-19 pandemic period were dental pain and swelling requiring endodontic consultation and the least need felt is prosthodontic consultation. KEY WORDS COVID-19, Dental problems, PatternPublication Work-related Respiratory Symptoms and Associated Factors among Cement Factory Workers in Rupandehi District, Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2021) Paudel, L; Regmi, S; Dahal, P; Ghimire, M; Nepal, S; Manandhar, NABSTRACT Background Cement factory workers are exposed to cement dust at workplace. It leads to a greater prevalence of chronic respiratory signs and symptoms. Objective To identify the prevalence of Work-related respiratory symptoms, its association with various risk factors, and to assess the outcomes like hospitalization and sickness absenteeism. Method Cross-sectional study was conducted in the Argakhanchi Cement factory among 190 workers with minimum work experience of 1 year. Census method was used for data collection. To assess the respiratory symptoms, sputum samples were collected; smears prepared by pick and smear method, and later stained by Leishman and pap stain. Smears devoid of alveolar macrophages were considered unsatisfactory for evaluation. Result The mean age of respondents with standard deviation was 35.56±11.45 years. The prevalence of Work-related respiratory symptoms was 31.6%. Age, no. of years worked, working in the raw materials department, burner and clinker department, cleaning department and wearing mask were the significant risk factors. On cytological analysis of the sputum sample, mild inflammatory cell noticed in 71.6%, moderate inflammation in 23.7%, and dense inflammation in 4.2%. Fungal spores were seen in 3.7%, fungal pseudohyphae in 0.5%, and bacterial colonies in 27% of the sputum samples. Out of 190 participants, 8(4.2%) of them had to be hospitalized and 17(8.9%) were on sick leave due to respiratory symptoms. Conclusion Pre-employment and periodic medical examination, frequent work shift, training on occupational health and safety, use of appropriate personnel protective equipment is recommended to reduce respiratory symptoms. KEY WORDS Cement factory workers, Rupandehi district, Work-related respiratory symptoms