Browsing by Author "Pokharel, Akritee"
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Publication Pharmacotherapy of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal(Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, 2025) Mudvari, Anish; Prasad, Pravin; Pokharel, Akritee; Thapaliya, Sabin; Maharjan, Bindira; Khadka, Rebanta; Lamsal, Arun Batsa; Ghimire, Ranjeet; Bista, ApekshaABSTRACT: Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic poses a major health threat with no standardized treatments for SARS-CoV-2. This study evaluates pharmacotherapy trends in COVID-19 patients during the second wave at a tertiary care facility. Methods A retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care centre, utilising patient data from April 2021 to July 2021. The sample included 310 patients admitted with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. Patients were classified based on oxygen requirement levels, and data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results Of the 310 patients, 59% were male and 41% female, with a mean age of 53.37 ± 17.01 years. The average hospital stay was 10 ± 7.15 days. Most patients (66.8%) required supplemental oxygen, and 7.4% required mechanical ventilation. The majority received antibacterial therapy (307, 99.03%), with ceftriaxone being the most commonly prescribed antibiotic (73.22%). Remdesivir was the predominant antiviral, and dexamethasone was used in 88.39% of patients. Conclusion Antibiotic use was extensive among hospitalised COVID-19 patients, with ceftriaxone being the most common. Antiviral use was less frequent, with Remdesivir being the preferred choice. Dexamethasone played a crucial role in managing severe cases.Publication Potential Drug-drug Interaction among the Patients Admitted in Intensive Care Units of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Ghimire, Rakesh; Prasad, Pravin; Parajuli, Subigya; Basnet, Rabin; Lamichhane, Pratik; Poudel, Nirmal; Shrestha, Pramesh Sunder; Kharel, Shristi; Pokharel, Akritee; Mudvari, AnishAbstract Introduction: Drug interactions are one of the major contributors to increase hospital stay, inflate health care expenses, and cause serious adverse events and end-organ damage. Patients admitted to the intensive care unit are already critically sick and are at greater risk of these adverse outcomes. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions in the Intensive Care Units of a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients admitted in the Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care hospital from April-June 2019. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Board at the institute (Reference number: 399). Convenience sampling method was used. Data was collected using proforma and potential drug-drug interactions were identified using Lexicomp® drug-interactions version 1.1 (Wolters Kluwer). All the drug interactions identified were classified and the severity scale of interactions was also defined. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 17.0 was used for data analysis. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and mode. Results: Out of 101 patients, the prevalence of the drug-drug interaction was found to be 90 (89.11%) (83.04-95.18 at 95% Confidence Interval). A total of 490 drug-drug interactions were identified. In severity scale, it was seen that 311 (63.46%) were of moderate severity and 303 (61.83%) of drug interactions were categorised as category C in risk rating. Conclusions: Prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions was higher compared to similar published literature. The most common drug with potential interaction was fentanyl and among pairs was fentanyl plus paracetamol.