Browsing by Author "Prasad, Pravin"
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Publication Attitude and Perception of Preclinical Undergraduate Medical Students about Problem Based Learning in Medical College of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Karki, Naresh; Joshi, Lokraj; Prasad, Pravin; Kandel, Kamal; Shakya, Raju PrasadAbstract Introduction: Problem-based learning is a student-centered learning method. Assessing students’ understanding, settled way of thinking and interpretation towards problem-based learning is essential. The objective of the study was to understand the attitude and perception of preclinicalM.B.B.S. students about problem-based learning. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July 5, 2023 to September 4, 2023 for the duration of two months after duly approval from Institutional Review Committee (Protocol No: IRC-LMC-04/Q-23). First and second year M.B.B.S. students who had good experience of attending problem-based learning sessions in integrated basic science subjects were included in the study. Fifteen close-ended questions related to attitude and perceptions were designed in Google Form. The responses were taken on five point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree (1), disagree (2), neutral (3), agree (4), and strongly agree (5). Data were expressed as frequency and percentage. Results: Among 164 participants, 92 (56.09%) strongly agreed and 67 (40.87%) agreed that problem based learning enhances self-directed learning on the topic. Similarly, 103 (62.80%) strongly agreed and 59 (35.98%) agreed that problem based learning improves communication skills. Likewise, 78(47.57%) agreed and 53 (32.32%) strongly agreed that this learning method improves confidence in decision-making. Moreover, 89 (54.28%) agreed and 58 (35.36%) strongly agreed that tutors motivate students to learn themselves through problem based learning. Conclusions: Majority of the students have positive attitude and good perception towards problem based learning. This method helps in generating skills like communication skills, group discussion, constructive critical reasoning, decision–making.Publication Bacteriological Profile of Surgical Site Infection Following Gastrointestinal Surgery and Their Antibiogram(Nepal Health Research Council, 2023) Shrestha, Neha; Sharma, Sangita; Ghimire, Bikal; Prasad, Pravin; Das, Debashis; Sherchand, Jeevan BahadurAbstract Background: Surgical site infection is one of the common complication following abdominal surgery. It causes great morbidity and mortality, further increasing prevalence of multidrug resistant bacteria have made its management very challenging. The current study aims to identify causative agent responsible for surgical site infection and their antibiotic resistance patterns. Methods: This study was conducted among patients developing surgical site infection following gastrointestinal surgery in Tribhuvan university teaching hospital over a period of one year. The samples were collected and processed according to standard methods. The bacterial pathogens with their antimicrobial susceptibility were determined and resistant pattern like methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended spectrum beta lactamase were further detected. Results: A total of 832 patients had under gone gastrointestinal surgery during the study period. Among them, 162 cases (19.5%) developed surgical site infection and 125 cases showed growth in culture. A total of 160 aerobic bacteria were isolated; Escherichia coli (29.9%) was the commonest organism with 40.8% being extended spectrum beta lactamase producer and 47.4% of Staphylococcus aureus were methicillin resistant. About 75.9% (85/112) of gram negative bacteria and 60.4% (29/48) gram positive bacteria were multi drug resistant. Conclusions: The burden of multi drug resistant bacteria causing surgical site infection is high which needs to be addressed timely. Good surveillance of bacterial antibiogram and rational antimicrobial use is necessary to reduce emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. Keywords: Extended Spectrum beta lactamase; gastrointestinal surgery; methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus; multi drug resistance; surgical site infection