Browsing by Author "Sharma, Y"
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Publication De-worming during pregnancy in Nepal: an effect on neonatal mortality(Institute of Medicine, 2018) Shedain, PR; Dixit, Devkota M; Paudel, R; Wagle, RR; Karki, S; Shrestha, R; Sharma, YAbstract Background: The Ministry of Health and Population, Nepal has been administering the de-worming medication (with tablet albendazole) to pregnant women aiming at reducing maternal anemia and neonatal death since 2001. The neonatal mortality has remained stagnant for the past decade. The effect of de-worming during pregnancy on neonatal mortality is not known yet. Methods: This study is based on the database of Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS) 2006 and 2011. This study includes the recent singleton live births within five years preceding the survey as the de-worming medication during the pregnancy was collected only in the recent live births (the last live birth) in the five years preceding the surveys. The newborn death of the pregnant women administered with de-worming medication was compared with those pregnant women who were not administered with de-worming medication during the pregnancy. An association has been established with the logistic regression model adjusting several potential confounding factors. Results: In the pooled data, the recent singleton live births were 8,147. A total of 813 and 2,274 mothers were found to have taken de-worming medication during pregnancy in the NDHS 2006 and 2011, respectively. The use of de-worming during pregnancy increased from 20% to 56% between the surveys, but the newborn deaths in de-worming group rose from 1.2% to 1.4%. The adjusted OR of the neonatal death with the de-worming was {aOR 1.129 (95% CI 0.696-1.829), P = 0.623}. Conclusion: The de-worming during pregnancy in Nepal was not found significantly associated with reduction on neonatal deaths, which suggests timely review of the program. Keywords: De-worming, neonatal mortality, pregnancy, NepalPublication Prevalence of helicobacter pylori in Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Teaching Hospital: A retrospective histopathologic study(Kathmandu University, 2005) Makaju, RK; Tamang, MD; Sharma, Y; Sharma, N; Koju, R; Ashraf, MObjective: The main objective of this study was to determine prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Teaching Hospital. Methodology: Endoscopic antral biopsies from January 1, 2004 to August 31, 2005 were studied retrospectively. Hematoxylin and eosin and Giemsa stained histological sections were examined. Results: Out of 224 patients (Male 125 and female 99) who underwent endoscopic biopsy and included in the study, a total of 76 (33.9%) patients (Male 50 and female 26) were infected by H. pylori. The mean age of the H. pylori infected patients was 40.2 years (SD 16.0). The infection by H. pylori was significantly higher in males than females (p<0.05) with male to female ratio of 1.9:1. The most common (31.3%) histopathologic finding was chronic superficial gastritis followed by normal histology (30.8%). A total of 10 cases (4.5%) of adenocarcinoma and 16 cases (7.1%) of intestinal metaplasia were detected and neither of them showed presence of H. pylori. Two cases (0.9%) were diagnosed as suspected malignancy and both were negative for H. pylori infection. Among gastritis, H. pylori was most frequently observed in chronic active gastritis (86.1%). Two of 69 cases (2.9%) of normal gastric mucosa showed H. pylori. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, gastritis, endoscopy, prevalence, Nepal