Browsing by Author "Tamang, B"
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Publication Analysis between Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Hospitalized Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2(Kathmandu University, 2022) Basnet A; Tamang, B; Pokhrel, N; Khadka, S; Shrestha, MR; Ghimire, S; Prajapati, R; Thapa S; Duwal Shrestha, SK; Chand, AB; Amatya, I; Rai, SKABSTRACT Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, which have emerged due to several mutations in spike protein, have a potential to escape immune protection provided by the first-generation vaccines, thereby resulting in breakthrough infections. Objective To identify the socio-demographic factors, clinical features, and outcomes in both vaccinated and unvaccinated hospitalized patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Method Socio-demographic details, clinical features, and the outcomes among fully vaccinated (double for Covishield/AstraZeneca and BBIBP-CorV and single for Janssen), partially vaccinated, and unvaccinated hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 17. Result Among the hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=299), 175 (58.5%) patients received a single-dose, 82 (27.4%) double-dose, and 124 (41.5%) did not receive any dose of the COVID-19 vaccines. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection when compared between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients was found to be associated among professional degree holders (23.4% versus 9.7%) (p<0.05), professional workers (43.4% vs. 25.0%) (p<0.05), hospitalization to general ward (76.6% vs. 72.6%) (p<0.05), and presence of multiple symptoms (≥3) (86.8% vs. 75.0%) (p>0.05) and comorbidities (≥2) (15.5% vs. 13.7%) (p>0.05). Despite such approximate incidences, the risk of in-hospital mortality among the vaccinated patients was reduced (0.6% vs. 3.2%) (p>0.05), when compared to the unvaccinated patients. The risk of in-hospital mortality was associated with the older age and the presence of multiple comorbidities including bronchial asthma, diabetes, and hypertension. Conclusion Full or partial vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns might be effective in preventing in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients. KEY WORDS COVID-19, Clinical features, SARS-CoV-2, Socio-demographic factors, Vaccine, VariantsPublication Liver Function Parameters and Validation of Health-Related Quality of Life Assessment of β-Thalassemia Cases at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Lumbini Province, Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2025) Gautam, N; Risal, P; Gupta, RT; Agrawal, KK; Chaudhary, D; Paudel, MS; Adhikari, B; Pokhrel, BR; Tamang, B; Shrestha, J; Sharma, B; Ghimire, SABSTRACT Background Individuals affected by β-thalassemia experience complications such as hepatic hemosiderosis and fibrosis due to frequent blood transfusions, which can lead to iron overload. Multiple blood transfusion burdens in thalassemia, particularly in low- income countries, impact health-related quality of life. Objective Liver function parameters and health-related quality of life were assessed using Nepali version 36 short-form survey instruments to reveal the vitality, physical, mental, emotional, pain, general health, and social functioning of β-thalassemia cases. Method In this cross-sectional study, forty β-thalassemia cases who had visited the Universal College of Medical Sciences tertiary care teaching hospital of Lumbini Province, Nepal were enrolled. The hemoglobin variant band percentage was estimated by D-10 BioRad high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Mentzer Index (Mean Cell Volume by Red Blood Cell count) by Beckman hematological analyzer, and serum liver parameters (Bilirubin, Total protein, Albumin, Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphatase) were estimated by using Diatron fully automated analyzer. The internal consistency of the Nepali version of 36 short- form survey instruments was checked by Cronbach`s alpha was found to be > 0.70 from the recoded value. Data are analyzed using the STATA/MP14, and ANOVA and t-test are applied to test the significance considering p-value < 0.05. Result The frequency of the β-thalassemia Trait (60%) was higher than β-thalassemia Major (30%) and 7.5% β-thalassemia Intermedia co-morbidities with Sickle cell (2.5%) and β/δ variants (2.5%). Higher frequency was found in ethnic groups Muslim (32.5%) followed by Terai indigenous-Tharu (30%) and Madheshi (27.5%). The transfusion- dependent cases have significantly higher Total, Direct, Indirect Bilirubin, and Alkaline phosphatase levels than non-transfusion dependent cases (p<0.001). The physical functioning, general health, emotional health, and vitality were significantly decreased in β-thalassemia Major as compared to β-thalassemia Trait (p<0.001), and significantly correlated with Mentzer index and HPLC patterns (HBA2/HBF) (p<0.05). Conclusion Transfusion dependent β-thalassemia Major and Intermedia had elevated Bilirubin and Alkaline phosphatase levels as compared to non-transfusion dependent β-thalassemia Trait, exacerbating health-related quality of life, emphasizing the preventable disparities for optimized transfusion protocols and psychosocial support. KEY WORDS β-thalassemia, Health-related quality of life, Liver function tests