Publication: Analysis between Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Hospitalized Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2
Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kathmandu University
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, which
have emerged due to several mutations in spike protein, have a potential to escape
immune protection provided by the first-generation vaccines, thereby resulting in
breakthrough infections.
Objective
To identify the socio-demographic factors, clinical features, and outcomes in both
vaccinated and unvaccinated hospitalized patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Method
Socio-demographic details, clinical features, and the outcomes among fully vaccinated
(double for Covishield/AstraZeneca and BBIBP-CorV and single for Janssen), partially
vaccinated, and unvaccinated hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease of 2019
(COVID-19) were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 17.
Result
Among the hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=299), 175 (58.5%) patients received
a single-dose, 82 (27.4%) double-dose, and 124 (41.5%) did not receive any dose of
the COVID-19 vaccines. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection when compared between
vaccinated and unvaccinated patients was found to be associated among professional
degree holders (23.4% versus 9.7%) (p<0.05), professional workers (43.4% vs. 25.0%)
(p<0.05), hospitalization to general ward (76.6% vs. 72.6%) (p<0.05), and presence
of multiple symptoms (≥3) (86.8% vs. 75.0%) (p>0.05) and comorbidities (≥2) (15.5%
vs. 13.7%) (p>0.05). Despite such approximate incidences, the risk of in-hospital
mortality among the vaccinated patients was reduced (0.6% vs. 3.2%) (p>0.05),
when compared to the unvaccinated patients. The risk of in-hospital mortality was
associated with the older age and the presence of multiple comorbidities including
bronchial asthma, diabetes, and hypertension.
Conclusion
Full or partial vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns might be
effective in preventing in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients.
KEY WORDS
COVID-19, Clinical features, SARS-CoV-2, Socio-demographic factors, Vaccine,
Variants
Description
Basnet A,1,2 Tamang B,2 Pokhrel N,3 Khadka S,4,5 Shrestha MR,2 Ghimire S,2 Prajapati R,2 Thapa S,2 Duwal Shrestha SK,6 Chand AB,7 Amatya I,3 Rai SK8
1Department of Medical Microbiology
Shi-Gan International College of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University
Shankha marg, Kathmandu, Nepal
2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nepal Armed
Police Force Hospital, Balambu, Kathmandu, Nepal
3Research Section, Nepal Health Research Council
Kathmandu, Ramshah path, Kathmandu, Nepal
4Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota, United States
5Department of Microbiology and Immunology
Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
United States
6Department of Orthopedic
Nepal Armed Police Force Hospital
Balambu, Kathmandu, Nepal
7Department of Clinical Laboratory
KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital
Gwarko, Lalitpur, Nepal
8Research Division
Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital
Gokarneswor-08, Kathmandu, Nepal
Keywords
COVID-19, Clinical features, SARS-CoV-2, Socio-demographic factors, Vaccine, Variants