Browsing by Author "Thapa, Madhu"
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Publication Axenfeld Rieger Syndrome Presenting with Open Angle Glaucoma in an Adult Patient: A Case Report(Nepal Medical Association, 2025) Thapa, Madhu; Gautam, Pragati; Sitaula, SanjeetaAbstract Axenfeld Rieger Syndrome is autosomal dominant genetic condition, which can present with various ocular and non-ocular findings. Anterior segment dysgenesis is the most common ocular finding leading to glaucoma. Non-ocular findings include craniofacial abnormalities, cardiac, dental as well as neurological problems. Mutations in PITX2 and FOXC1 genes have been associated with this condition. FOXC1 mutation causes more ocular findings where as PITX2 mutation has been linked with ocular as well as craniofacial abnormalities. Racial or gender predilection has not been suggested by any literature. Vision loss in these patients is mainly due to uncontrolled glaucoma which needs to be diagnosed and treated urgently.Publication Cataract among Patients with Renal Transplantation in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2023) Thapa, Madhu; Shrestha, Gulshan Bahadur; Gautam, Pragati; Sigdel, Mahesh RajAbstract Introduction: Intensive immunosuppressant therapy after renal transplantation has found to cause systemic and ocular side effects among them is cataracts. Studies on a similar topic have still remained explored in our setting. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of cataract among patients with renal transplantation in a tertiary care centre. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients of renal transplantation at tertiary care centres from 1 May 2021 to 31 October 2021. The data was collected after the ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee [Reference number: 397(6-11) e2077/078]. Study proforma recorded the number of patients with cataracts, duration of steroid use, mean age and other comorbidities. A convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Out of 31 renal transplant patients, 10 (32.26%) (15.80-48.72, 95% Confidence Interval) had cataract. Conclusions: The prevalence of cataract among renal transplantation patients was found to be lower than similar studies done in similar settings.Publication Prediction and Estimation of Postoperative Refractive Error in Phacoemulsification: Using Ultrasound A-Scan and Intra Ocular Lens Master(Nepal Health Research Council, 2024) Bhatta, Sabitri; Joshi, Sagun Narayan; Thapa, Madhu; Awasthi, Suresh; Shrestha, Gauri Shankar; Joshi, Niraj DevBackground: This study aims to predict and estimate the postoperative refractive outcome in participants undergoing phacoemulsification using IOL Master and A-scan biometry. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done where ninety eyes of 90 participants undergone phacoemulsification using SRK/T formula were included in longitudinal research. Each participant underwent axial length (AL) measurement by IOL Master and A-scan, and keratometry reading (k- reading) by manual TOPCON keratometer and automated keratometer on IOL master for IOL power calculation. All the pre-operative measurements between A-scan and IOL master and two keratometers were compared using paired-t tests. The four-week postoperative refractive error was estimated using univariate analysis and its prediction was compared with the ocular biometry parameters using quadratic regression. Results: Preoperative findings were higher for AL and ACD by IOL master and A-scan (0.27±0.14mm; p<0.001, 0.14±0.31mm, p<0.001) respectively. The AL and K-reading were found to be strong predictors of IOL power calculation (? = -1.07; p<0.001, ? = 0.75; p<0.001), respectively. The AL, K-reading were found to be strong predictors for four-week postoperative refractive error (? = -1.563; p = 0.012, ? = 1.052; p = 0.012) where postoperative error was found to be higher (F = 7.521, p<0.001) in A-scan than IOL Master. For K-reading, the two keratometer’s and for AL by A-scan and IOL Master’s level of agreement (95% LoA) was comparable (-0.15 to 0.12mm and -0.01 to 0.54mm). Conclusions: IOL Master is more reliable for ocular biometry and minimizes postoperative refractive error. Keywords: Axial length; intraocular lens power; keratometry-reading; refractive error estimation; postoperative refractive error.