Browsing by Author "Thapa, Sushma"
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Publication Benign Skin Neoplasms among the Histopathological Specimens of Skin Neoplasm in a Teaching Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2021) Thapa, Sushma; Ghosh, Arnab; Ghartimagar, Dilasma; Regmi, SudeepAbstract: Introduction: Skin tumors are relatively uncommon malignancies worldwide, but its incidence has been progressively increased over the last few decades. Skin tumor belongs to a diverse group of neoplasms arising from the epidermis, adnexal structures and dermis rendering the classification difficult. The study aims to find out the prevalence of benign skin neoplasm among the histopathological specimens of skin neoplasm of a teaching hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study among the hospital records of histopathological samples of skin neoplasm in the Department of Pathology of a tertiary care center from January 2017 to December 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Ref: MEMG/IRC/427/GA). Convenient sampling was done. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 software. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated with frequency and descriptive statistics. Results: Out of total skin neoplasm samples, 121 (57.34%) (50.67-64.01 at 95% Confidence Interval) benign skin neoplasms were present. Among them, the majority were keratinocytic tumor 81 (66.9%) followed by skin appendageal 23 (19.0%) and melanocytic tumors 17 (14.0%). Acrochordan 18 (14.9%) and pilomatricoma 12 (9.9%) were the predominant keratinocytic and appendageal neoplasms respectively. Most of the cases occurred in head and neck region 64 (52.9%). Conclusions: The study concluded that the prevalence of benign skin neoplasm was slightly lower compared to the other studies. Most of the benign skin neoplasms were keratinocytic tumors followed by appendageal and melanocytic tumors. Acrochordan was the commonest benign keratinocytic tumor.Publication Histopathology of Sinonasal and Nasopharyngeal Neoplastic Lesions in a Tertiary Care Center of Western Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepalese Respiratory Society, 2021) Regmi, Sudeep; Ghosh, Arnab; Magar, Dilasma Gharti; Thapa, Sushma; Koirala, Krishna Prasad; Talwar, Om PrakashAbstract: Introduction: Sinonasal and nasopharyngeal regions harbor diverse clinical conditions including many non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions presenting with nasal obstruction, facial pain and swelling, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, and other oral, ear, and orbital symptoms. Histopathology of excised lesions is the mainstay for the definitive diagnosis and management of neoplastic lesions. The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of neoplastic lesions among sinonasal and nasopharyngeal masses. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among sinonasal and nasopharyngeal masses in the Department of Pathology of a tertiary care center of western Nepal with primary data of 20 years from January 2001 to May 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee. Convenience sampling method was used. Data management and statistical analysis were done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage. Results: Out of 395 sinonasal and nasopharyngeal lesions, 134 (33.92%) (29.26-38.58 at 95% Confidence Interval) were neoplastic lesions. The malignant lesions were found to be 60 (44.77%). Inverted papilloma was the most common benign lesion comprising 28 (20.89%) of cases, and squamous cell carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma were the most common malignant lesions comprising 12 (8.95%) cases each. Conclusions: This study observed a variety of neoplastic lesions. The most common benign lesion was nasal polyp and squamous cell carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma were the most common malignant lesions.Publication MEST C Score and Treatment Response in IgA Nephropathy in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2024) Thapa, Sushma; Sigdel, Mahesh RajAbstract Introduction: IgA nephropathy is the leading cause of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. The Oxford classification can predict IgA nephropathy prognosis through renal biopsy however its applicability to the Nepalese population remains unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the MEST-C score and treatment response in patients with IgA nephropathy. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center from November 2021 to November 2022 after obtaining ethical approval [IRC-193(6-11)t2078/079]. Total population sampling was done. Fifty-two consenting patients aged 16 or older with confirmed IgA nephropathy were included, excluding those with liver disease or expected survival of less than six months. The study assessed the MEST-C score, demographic factors, and clinical parameters. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package of Social Sciences. Results: Among 52 patients with segmental glomerulosclerosis (S1), 11 (24.44%) achieved complete remission, 30 (66.67%) partial remission, and 5 (11.11%) progressed to end-stage renal disease. In those with tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (T1), 1 (5.88%) achieved complete remission, 13 (76.47%) partial remission, and 4 (23.53%) progressed to end-stage renal disease. For glomerular crescents (C1), 9 (47.37%) achieved complete remission, 9 (47.37%) partial remission, and 1 (5.26%) progressed to end-stage renal disease. IFTA% of 0-25% had complete remission in 15 (46.88%). Among the two patients with IFTA% ≥50%, one (50%) developed end-stage renal disease and the other achieved partial remission. Conclusions: The S1 and T1/2 components of the MEST-C score had higher rates of partial remission and progression to end-stage renal disease, while other indices showed mixed results. The risk of failing to achieve complete increased with an IFTA of more than 25%.Publication Mucinous Carcinoma of the Skin: A Case Report(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Jhunjhunwala, Adarsh Kumar; Magar, Dilasma Gharti; Upreti, Dipesh; Thapa, Niku; Ghosh, Arnab; Thapa, Sushma; Regmi, Sudeep; Timilsina, BishowdeepAbstract Primary mucinous carcinoma of the skin is a rare malignant neoplasm showing predilection to the periorbital region. These tumours are indolent and low-grade, with a tendency for local, sometimes multiple, recurrences. Distinguishing between these primary neoplasms and the more frequent metastatic mucinous deposits on the skin from primaries in the breast and gastrointestinal tract constitutes a diagnostic dilemma. In this case report, we have put forth the findings of a 70-year-old male who presented with a slow-growing periorbital swelling and was subsequently diagnosed with mucinous adenocarcinoma. An extensive workup in search of another primary tumour failed to show a primary malignancy elsewhere and the diagnosis of primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the skin was rendered.Publication Mucinous Carcinoma of the Skin: A Case Report(Nepal Medical Association, 2022) Jhunjhunwala, Adarsh Kumar; Magar, Dilasma Gharti; Upreti, Dipesh; Thapa, Niku; Ghosh, Arnab; Thapa, Sushma; Regmi, Sudeep; Timilsina, BishowdeepAbstract: Primary mucinous carcinoma of the skin is a rare malignant neoplasm showing predilection to the periorbital region. These tumours are indolent and low-grade, with a tendency for local, sometimes multiple, recurrences. Distinguishing between these primary neoplasms and the more frequent metastatic mucinous deposits on the skin from primaries in the breast and gastrointestinal tract constitutes a diagnostic dilemma. In this case report, we have put forth the findings of a 70-year-old male who presented with a slow-growing periorbital swelling and was subsequently diagnosed with mucinous adenocarcinoma. An extensive workup in search of another primary tumour failed to show a primary malignancy elsewhere and the diagnosis of primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the skin was rendered.Publication Non-neoplastic Lesions of Gallbladder Among Cholecystectomy Specimens of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study(Nepal Medical Association, 2021) Ghartimagar, Dilasma; Shrestha, Manish Kiran; Jhunjhunwala, Adarsh; Ghosh, Arnab; Thapa, Sushma; Regmi, Sudeep; Talwar, Om PraksahAbstract: Introduction: Gallbladder diseases are prevalent worldwide and present with a diverse histopathological spectrum. Mucosal irritation and chronic inflammation is considered as an important etiological factor for the mechanical or functional dysfunction of emptying of the gallbladder. This study aims to find the prevalence of non-neoplastic lesions of gallbladder among cholecystectomy specimens of a tertiary care center. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, of a tertiary care center from January 2005 to December 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee. All the patients who had undergone cholecystectomy procedures which showed non-neoplastic lesions were enrolled in the study. Convenient sampling was done. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 and Microsoft Excel were used for data analysis. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of 4914 cholecystectomy specimens, 4852 (98.73%) (95% Confidence Interval= 98.42- 99.04) were non-neoplastic lesions. There were 1252 (25.8%) males and 3600 (74.2%) females with a male to female ratio of 1:2.87. Age ranged from 2 to 89 years with a mean age of 45±14.48 years. Gallbladder lesions were observed maximum in age group 41-50 years with 1200 (24.7%) cases. Among the non-neoplastic lesions, cholecystitis without any specific finding was the most common finding with 3028 (62.4%) cases followed by cholelithiasis with 1478 (30.5%) cases. Conclusions: The prevalence of non-neoplastic lesions of gallbladder is similar to other studies done in similar setings. Female predominance was noted in non-neoplastic lesions.Publication Ultrasonographic Assessment of Renal Parameters in Apparently Healthy Medical Students of A University Hospital(Institute of Medicine, 2023) Thapa, Sushma; Khanal, Ujjwal P; Paudel, Sharma; Sigdel, Mahesh RABSTRACT Introduction: Ultrasonography is a commonly used medical imaging technique to evaluate the kidneys and has become the preferred modality for the assessment of renal pathology. However, limited data are available on the normal renal parameters in Nepalese adults. The aim of this study was to establish normal reference ranges for renal size in healthy medical students using ultrasonography. Methods: A total of 100 healthy undergraduate medical students (64 males; 36 females) between the first and internship years (age 19-29 years) were studied. Ultrasonography was performed using a single and specific ultrasound machine with 1-7MHz transducer. Results: The study showed the left kidney was slightly longer than the right (10.46 ± 0.68cm vs 10.13 ± 0.65cm; p=0.04), but the right kidney had a significantly larger thickness (2.80 ± 0.76cm vs 2.99 ± 0.68cm; p=0.01) and volume. A strong positive correlation was found between the renal parameters of one side with another side (Length: r=0.63,p<0.001; Breadth: r=0.42, p<0.001; Thickness: r=0.51, p<001; Volume: r=0.57, p<0.001). There were significant differences in renal length and volume based on sex, height, weight, and body mass index while other parameters were not significant. Weight was found to affect renal length more than height. Conclusion: The left kidney was slightly longer than the right kidney. There was a strong positive correlation between the right and left kidney parameters. The study also found significant associations between renal length and height, weight, and body mass index. Keywords: Renal size; ultrasonography