Journal Issue: Volume: 19, No 3, Issue 75, JULY - SEPT, 2021
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Volume
Number
Issue Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
1812-2027
Journal Volume
Articles
COVID-19 Vaccination: Urgent Efforts Must Now Be Made to Ensure that Pregnant Women Are Fast Tracked and Prioritized
(Kathmandu University, 2021) Dangal, G
NA
Offspring Education, Mental Health Status and Quality of Life among Parents of High School Students in the Northeast of Thailand
(Kathmandu University, 2021) Khamharnpol, T; Banchonhattakit, P; Laohasiriwong, W
ABSTRACT
Background
Providing children best education could be burden on parents which might impaired
their mental health and quality of life (QOL).
Objective
To assess children education, mental health status and their influence on QOL of
parents of high school students in the Northeast of Thailand.
Method
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,098 parents of high school
students. The study population were selected by using multistage random sampling
from 20 high schools in 10 provinces of the Northeast of Thailand to response to
a structured questionnaire interview. Multilevel logistic regression was performed
to identify the influence of mental health status and offspring education on QOL of
parents of high school students.
Result
Among the total of 1,098 respondents, 28.78% had poor quality of life. Factors
that were associated with poor QOL of the parents were had moderate to severe
depressive symptoms (adj.OR=5.72; 95% CI:4.01-8.16), had moderate to high levels
of stress (adj.OR=2.32; 95% CI:1.64 - 3.29), not expected the child to study bachelor
degree (adj.OR=2.59; 95% CI:1.74 -3.84), perceived children’s academic performance
as not to minimal importance (adj.OR=2.20; 95% CI: 1.54 - 3.14), had 2 or more
children currently studying (adj.OR= 1.62; 95% CI:1.00 - 2.64), and had low to high
concerns on their children low examination scores (adj.OR=1.51; 95% CI: 1.06 - 2.15).
Conclusion
Depression, stress, children education as well as physical health and work-related
problems had influence on QOL.
KEY WORDS
Children education, Depression, High school student, Mental health, Parents, Quality
of life
Colistin Resistance among Human Clinical Isolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal
(Kathmandu University, 2021) Amatya, R; Barakoti, A; Rai, JR; Subedi, A
ABSTRACT
Background
Colistin is increasingly being used for treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial
infections in human. The plasmid mediated mcr-1 gene was detected recently among
the poultry in Nepal. Plasmid mediated colistin resistance among human isolates
would severely compromise the treatment of MDR bacterial infections.
Objective
To find out the prevalence of colistin resistance among the gram-negative bacteria
isolated from clinical specimen.
Method
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in
Kathmandu. Colistin resistance among all the gram negative bacilli (GNB), isolated
in a year, from all clinical specimen subjected for aerobic bacterial isolation, was
detected by disc diffusion and agar dilution methods. Those with a minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 2 mcg/ml were subjected to polymerase chain
reaction for detection of mcr-1 gene.
Result
A total of 1993 aerobic GNB were isolated from clinical samples received from
February 2018 to January 2019. By the agar dilution screening method, 2.1% of the
GNBs isolated had MIC of colistin > 2 mcg/ml. None of these possessed the mcr-1
gene.
Conclusion
Given the occurrence of increased MIC of colistin in the clinical isolates in our set
up, nationwide active surveillance would generate data for Nepal. The study for the
presence of other genes (chromosomal or plasmid mediated) responsible for the
increased MIC of colistin would further guide the control measures.
KEY WORDS
Colistin, MCR-1, Multi-drug resistance
Incidence and Diagnosis of Ampullary Carcinoma in Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital
(Kathmandu University, 2021) Dhakal, B; Makaju, R
ABSTRACT
Background
Endoscopy from a suspected ampulla of vator may establish an early preoperative
diagnosis of ampullary carcinoma. However, information regarding the diagnostic
accuracy of this procedure is limited and variable.
Objective
To study the preoperative diagnostic accuracy of Endoscopic/ERCP appearance of
ampullary tumors with that of endoscopic biopsy.
Method
Among patients who were performed endoscopy during a one year period; a
suspicious ampulla of vator was seen in 44 cases. Endoscopic biopsy specimens
were classified into four groups based on the degree of epithelial atypia: group 1
(no evidence of malignancy), group 2 (presence of dysplasia), group 3 (suspicious
of malignancy) and group 4 (positive for malignancy). In each case comparison
was made between the pre-endoscopic biopsy clinical diagnosis and endoscopic
appearance.
Result
Endoscopic biopsy diagnosis of malignancy (group 4) were seen in 22 cases,
Suspicious of malignancy (group 3) in 3 cases, dysplasia (group 2) in 9 cases and no
evidence of malignancy (group 1) in 10 cases. Pre-endoscopic diagnostic accuracy of
endoscopy/ ERCP was 50% compared to the diagnosis by biopsy.
Conclusion
Diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy/ERCP was 50% compared to the diagnosis by
biopsy. A diagnosis of non malignancy in the forceps biopsy material does not rule
out the presence of cancerous foci in ampullary neoplasms.
KEY WORDS
Ampulla of Vator, Ampullary carcinoma, Diagnostic accuracy, Dysplasia, Endoscopic
biopsy, ERCP
Histological Examination of Tissue Obtained in Early Pregnancy Loss
(Kathmandu University, 2021) Kayastha, S; Shah, L; Mainali, S
ABSTRACT
Background
It is a routine practice to send histological sample after surgical evacuation of early
pregnancy loss.
Objective
This study was carried out to see the justification of regular histological study by
carrying out the histological study of early pregnancy loss and to find the prevalence
of gestational trophoblastic disease in early pregnancy loss.
Method
It was a descriptive prospective study, conducted in Nepal medical college teaching
hospital from February to October 2020 in Obstetrics and Gynaecology department.
Clinical data such as age, parity, gestational age and diagnosis were collected of
130 patient of early pregnancy loss. Then histological study were sent after surgical
evacuation.
Result
Among the age group, 21-30 age group was maximum. (64.61%), more than half of
the patient was primigravida (53.07%) and most of the cases were between 6 to 9
weeks of gestation. Incomplete abortions were maximum (43.07%), missed abortions
38.46%, blighted abortions 16.15%, enevitable abortions 1.53% and septic abortion
was 0.76%. Among histological finding, 72.30% were product of conception, 15.38%
of the cases had no product of conception, decidual tissue only in 6.92%, partial mole
in one case (0.76%), complete mole in one case (0.76%) and hydrophic changes in
one case (0.76%). The total cases of Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) were
3(2.30%).
Conclusion
In our study we found 2.3% of cases of GTD, which was quite high in compare to
Western word. So it is a good practice to do histological study of all cases of EPL in our
country to detect GTD, determining cause for recurrent pregnancy loss and detecting
unexpected fetal pathology.
KEY WORDS
Early pregnancy loss, Histology, Gestational trophoblastic disease