Publication: Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination: A Rare Case Report From A Tertiary Care Centre
Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kathmandu University
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute inflammatory polyneuropathy characterized
by rapidly progressive, symmetric, ascending weakness often triggered by infection
or rarely vaccination. Although influenza and Corona Virus Disease-19 vaccines
have been more commonly implicated, there are limited reports of Guillain–Barré
syndrome following tetanus- toxoid vaccination. We report a case of 12-years-
old male who developed bilateral lower limbs weakness and hoarseness of voice
3 weeks after receiving tetanus toxoid vaccine given after injury. Neurological
examination revealed bilateral hypotonia in lower limb. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis
showed albuminocytologic dissociation. Nerve conduction studies were consistent
with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. The patient was
treated with intravenous immunoglobulin at 0.4 g/kg/day for 5 days and discharged
on 10th day of admission. This case highlights a possible temporal association
between tetanus toxoid vaccination and Guillain–Barré syndrome, though the
causality cannot be definitively established. Further studies are required to clarify
this potential link.
KEY WORDS
Guillain-Barré syndrome, Pediatrics, Tetanus toxoid, Vaccination
Description
Shah BK, Sah S, Pandey P, Kurmi S
B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences
Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal
Keywords
Guillain-Barré syndrome, Pediatrics, Tetanus toxoid, Vaccination