Effect of  Preoperative Nebulized Ketamine on Incidence and Severity  of  Postoperative  Sore  Throat  in  Patient  Undergoing  General Anaesthesia with Endotracheal Intubation

Bhatta, Prajjwol D; Shakya, Bigen M; Bista, Navindra R; Marhatta, Moda N; Shrestha, Ninadini

Publication:
Effect of Preoperative Nebulized Ketamine on Incidence and Severity of Postoperative Sore Throat in Patient Undergoing General Anaesthesia with Endotracheal Intubation

creativeworkseries.issn	ISSN (Print) : 1993-2979 \| ISSN (Online) : 1993-2987
dc.contributor.author	Bhatta, Prajjwol D
dc.contributor.author	Shakya, Bigen M
dc.contributor.author	Bista, Navindra R
dc.contributor.author	Marhatta, Moda N
dc.contributor.author	Shrestha, Ninadini
dc.date.accessioned	2026-04-03T07:03:40Z
dc.date.available	2026-04-03T07:03:40Z
dc.date.issued	2020
dc.description	Prajjwol D Bhatta1, Bigen M Shakya2, Navindra R Bista2, Moda N Marhatta3, Ninadini Shrestha2 1Hospital for Advanced Medicine and Surgery (HAMS), Kathmandu 2Department of Anaesthesia, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu 3Department of Anaesthesia, Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Nepalgunj
dc.description.abstract	ABSTRACT Introduction: Postoperative sore throat (POST) has a reported incidence of up to 62% following general anaesthesia. POST was rated by patients as the eighth most undesirable outcome in the postoperative period. The objective of this study was to compare the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat after saline and ketamine nebulization in patients undergoing general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Methods: The study was prospective double blinded randomized controlled trial . One hundred patients belonging to American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I–II undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation were randomized into two groups; group Saline (S) received nebulization with 5 ml of normal saline and group Ketamine (K) received nebulization with 1 ml of ketamine of concentration 50 mg/ml mixed with 4 ml saline. POST was assessed at zero hour, two hour, four hour, six hour, eight hour and 24 hour. Results: The overall incidence of POST was 28%. Twenty two (44%) patients in group S and six (12%) patients in group K had postoperative sore throat at some point of the study. The POST was significantly reduced in group K at zero hour 3(6%), two hour 3(6%), four hour 4(8%), six hour 5(10%) and eight hour 3(6%) with p value <0.05 . The severity of POST was also significantly decreased in group K at zero hour, two hour, four hour, six hour, eight hour with p value <0.05. Conclusion: Preoperative nebulization with ketamine reduces the incidence and severity of POST after general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Keywords: Endotracheal intubation, ketamine nebulization, post-operative sore throat
dc.identifier	https://doi.org/10.59779/jiomnepal.1077
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14572/5596
dc.language.iso	en_US
dc.publisher	Institute of Medicine
dc.subject	Endotracheal intubation
dc.subject	ketamine nebulization
dc.subject	post-operative sore throat
dc.title	Effect of Preoperative Nebulized Ketamine on Incidence and Severity of Postoperative Sore Throat in Patient Undergoing General Anaesthesia with Endotracheal Intubation
dc.type	Article
dspace.entity.type	Publication
local.article.type	Original Article
oaire.citation.endPage	16
oaire.citation.startPage	12
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