Publication:
Household and Environmental Typhoid Fever Transmission in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia: A Case-Control Study

creativeworkseries.issnJNMA Print ISSN: 0028-2715; Online ISSN: 1815-672X
dc.contributor.authorYushananta, Prayudhy
dc.contributor.authorPutri, Muflichah Febriani Eka
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-31T10:26:41Z
dc.date.available2025-07-31T10:26:41Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.descriptionPrayudhy Yushananta Department of Environmental Health, Tanjungkarang Health Polytechnic, Lampung, Indonesia Muflichah Febriani Eka Putri Department of Environmental Health, Tanjungkarang Health Polytechnic, Lampung, Indonesia
dc.description.abstractAbstract Introduction: Typhoid fever is an endemic disease that causes substantial morbidity and mortality in low and middle-income countries. A case-control study was conducted to understand the risk factors for typhoid fever. Methods: A case-control method to compare past exposure between participants who had typhoid fever (cases) and participants who did not have typhoid fever (controls) after obtaining ethical approval (No. 244/KEPK-TJK/III/2023). We identified and surveyed patients with typhoid fever confirmed by blood culture. Control subjects were randomly selected neighbors of cases with no history of typhoid fever. Both cases and controls were interviewed at home. A structured observation of their living environment was performed. Multivariable analysis was applied using logistic regression and odds ratio to evaluate the relationship between exposure and risk of typhoid fever. Data collected was entered into Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) after being checked for completeness, edited, and coded. Results: The study found that typhoid fever was significantly associated with not washing hands with soap (Adjusted Odds Ratio [OR] = 6.08; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 2.43 - 15.21), eating unwashed raw vegetables (AOR=4.63; 95% CI 1.62 - 11.73); eating mobile food (AOR= 10.89; 95% CI 4.08 - 29.05); eating street food (AOR=3.28; 95% CI 1.27 - 8.45); no access to safe drinking water (AOR=6.08; 95% CI 2.11 - 17.52); no access to healthy latrines (AOR=3.59; 95% CI 1.47 - 8.78). Conclusions: The study found that typhoid fever was associated with inadequate food and personal hygiene, and poor housing.
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.8744
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14572/1086
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherNepal Medical Association
dc.titleHousehold and Environmental Typhoid Fever Transmission in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia: A Case-Control Study
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
local.article.typeOriginal Article
oaire.citation.endPage569
oaire.citation.startPage564
relation.isJournalIssueOfPublicationfafc293a-93ad-43b1-b4c0-25a997768ca4
relation.isJournalIssueOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryfafc293a-93ad-43b1-b4c0-25a997768ca4
relation.isJournalOfPublicatione6e146a0-0ece-4aba-aa0a-6ccfbd10a12a

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