Publication: Antibiotic Usage and its Sensitivity Pattern in the NICU
Date
2012
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kathmandu University
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background
Sepsis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns affecting both
developed and developing countries accounting a quarter around one million
deaths per annum.
Objective
This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of neonatal sepsis, culture isolates,
pattern, antibiotic sensitivity and drug prescribing pattern.
Methods
In present prospective study, 48 neonates admitted in pediatric ward from January
to March 2011 of Dhulikhel Hospital were included. The gestation age, onset of
sepsis, culture isolates, antibiotic sensitivity pattern and drug prescribing pattern
were studied. Environmental air sampling of NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit)
was done by settle plate method for microbial examination.
Result
Among 48 neonates, 23 (47.92%) neonates were culture positive with predominant
isolates of Klebsiella oxytoca 11(47.83%), Pseudomonas spp. 4(17.39%), Methicillin
Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) 3(13.04%) and single case of Enterobacter
spp. In environmental samples, K. oxytoca and Enterobacter spp. were isolated.
Amikacin, Imepeneum and Ciprofloxacin were sensitive whereas Ampicillin in
combination with Cloxacillin, Ampicillin, Aztreonam were resistant for Klebsiella.
oxytoca. Amikacin, Ceftazidime and Imipenuem are sensitive to Enterobacter spp.
The single or combinations of resistant antibiotics were found to be prescribed.
Conclusion
The emerging antibiotic resistances among the culture isolates and coherence with
environmental samples were observed. Hence, special measures are imperative
for reducing environmental contamination and the rational usage of antibiotics for
preventing the infection and emerging antibiotic resistance. The study recommends
need of the antibiotic policy to curb the present scenario.
KEY WORDS
Antibiotic Sensitivity, Neonatal sepsis, NICU
Description
Shrestha R,1 Shrestha JM,1 Gurung B2
1Department of Pharmacology
2Department of Microbiology Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS)