Browsing by Author "Ghartimagar, D"
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Publication Histopathological Analysis of Non-Neoplastic Superficial Lymphadenopathies(Kathmandu University, 2017) Thapa, S; Ghosh, A; Ghartimagar, D; Narasimhan, R; Prasad, T; Talwar, OPABSTRACT Background Lymphadenopathies are the clinical manifestation of enlargement of lymph nodes which are a common occurrence and are processes of lymph nodes in response to a variety of exogenous and endogenous stimulants. The vast majority of enlarged lymph nodes are non-neoplastic. Objective The objective of the study is to analyze the spectrum of non-neoplastic lesions of superficial lymphadenopathies with their histomorphological features. Method This was a retrospective hospital based study done in the department of Pathology. All cases of superficial lymph node biopsies received during a period of 7 years were retrieved and divided into 2 broad categories: neoplastic and non-neoplastic. The latter group is the material for the present study. The diagnosis was made on morphological basis. Result Of all the 268 superficial lymph node biopsies, 25.4% (68 cases) were neoplastic and 74.6% (200 cases) were non-neoplastic. The non-neoplastic cases were further categorized into non-infectious 60.5% (121 cases) and infectious 39.5% (79 cases). Neck node (70%) was the most common site of involvement. There were 102 male and 98 female patients with male to female ratio 1.04:1. The age range of the patients was 2 years to 83 years with a mean of 27.16 years and most common being 11-20 years 29% (58 cases). Majority of the cases were non-specific reactive lymphadenitis 84.3% (102 cases) followed by tuberculosis 36.5% (73 cases). Conclusion The major cause for the superficial lymphadenopathy was found to be non- neoplastic etiology with slight male predominance. Reactive lymphadenitis was the leading cause unlike the studies done in other Asian and Tropical countries where tuberculosis was more common. KEY WORDS Lymphadenopathies, non-neoplastic, reactive lymphadenitis, tuberculosisPublication Ovarian Tumors: Pattern of Histomorphological Types- A 10 Years Study in a Tertiary Referral Center and Review of Literature(Kathmandu University, 2016) Ghosh, A; Ghartimagar, D; Thapa, S; Sathian, B; Narasimhan, R; Talwar, OPABSTRACT Background Ovarian cancer accounts for 6% of all cancers in females. Among cancers of female genital tract, the incidence of ovarian cancers ranks below only carcinoma of the cervix and the endometrium. Objective To find the frequency of different types of histomorphological types and their association with age, side and size distribution. Method This study is a hospital based retrospective study carried out in the Department of Pathology, Manipal Teaching Hospital over a time period from Jan. 2006 to Sep. 2015. Specimens were received from the Manipal Teaching Hospital and other hospitals within the Himalayan valley of Pokhara. All the clinical and histolpathological data were retrieved from the departmental data bank and were analyzed. Result A total of 409 cases of ovarian tumors have been reported in the same period. Among them, 215 cases were of surface epithelial origin including 172 benign, 07 borderline and 36 malignant cases. Among the surface epithelial tumors, the commonest was serous cystadenoma (119 cases) followed by mucinous cyst adenoma (40 cases). There were 176 cases of tumors with germ cell origin which included 170 cases of teratoma, four dysgerminoma and one each case of choriocarcinoma and yolk sac tumor. Among seven metastatic tumors, one case was of Krukenberg tumor. Age range was 12 to 90 years and the size range from 3 to 36 cm. Conclusion In our study, we analyzed all the spectrum of ovarian tumors diagnosed on morphological bases and most of the findings were similar to other national & international studies. However, we have reported increased percentage of mucinous tumors and less sex cord stromal tumors. KEY WORDS Germ cell tumor, metastatic, mucinous, ovarian tumor, serousPublication Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study in Province 4 of Nepal(Kathmandu University, 2019) Shrestha, MK; Ghartimagar, D; Jhunjhunwala, AK; Thapa, MABSTRACT Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is collection of lipids in hepatic tissues excluding other hepatic diseases and chronic alcohol intake. It may advance to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or cirrhosis. Ultrasonography has high sensitivity and specificity for detecting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Objective Lack of sufficient information in this region on sonological prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, lead us to design the survey and may also serve as reference for further researches. Method This is a cross sectional study with 600 participants, conducted at Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Province 4 of Nepal, from September to October 2017. Ethical approval is taken from the Institutional review board. The study group includes the participants referred for abdominal sonography from outpatient department. Result In present survey, 367 (61.2%) are female and 233 (38.8%) are male participants. The mean age is 41.6 years and median age is 38 years. The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver in our observation is 229 cases (38.2%) of which, 102 cases (44.5%) are male and 127 cases (55.4%) are female participants. Normal liver was seen in 61.8%, Grade one fatty liver was discovered in 24.8%, Grade one in 12.6% and Grade three in 0.6%. The mean liver size in those with fatty liver was 14.1 cm. Conclusion Province 4 of Nepal is not exempt from the growing epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with prevalence of 38.2%. The study shows that with higher grades of fatty liver, the size of liver is also increased and the mean age of the participants involved is also in the higher side of the spectrum. KEY WORDS Fatty liver, Nonalcoholic, Prevalence, UltrasonographyPublication Secondary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the breast: Diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology(Kathmandu University, 2007) Pai, R; Kini, H; Ghartimagar, DA 34years old female who was a known case of multiple myeloma presented with a mass in the right breast. Clinically a differential diagnosis of breast carcinoma or secondary involvement by multiple myeloma was considered. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) of the mass was performed which showed dispersed population of plasma cells with eccentrically placed nuclei, abundant cytoplasm and the characteristic paranuclear hof.