Publication: Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C among HIV Infected Patients in Nepal over 1990-2020
Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kathmandu University
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background
Hepatitis B and C (HBV and HCV) are viral infections caused by corresponding viruses.
Here in this study we planned to conduct this meta-analysis to pool data on the
prevalence and risk factors of HBV and/or HCV among HIV patients in Nepal.
Method
We used MOOSE guideline for the systemic review of available literature. We
searched online databases using appropriate keywords. We used CMA-3 for data
synthesis. Odds ratio, and proportion were used to estimate the outcome with a
95% confidence interval where appropriate. We assessed the heterogeneity using
the I-squared (I2) test.
Result
We included nine studies for our synthesis. Pooling of data showed HBV in 4.6% (CI:
3.7-5.6), HCV in 19.7% (CI: 10.8-33.0), both HBV and HCV in 1.3% (CI: 0.5-3.7) in
HIV affected individuals. Among HBV co-infected HIV positive patients, 59.5% (CI:
25.5-86.3) were male; 76.1% (CI: 30.1-96.0) were married and 43.6% (CI: 3.8-93.8)
had a history of intravenous drug use (IVDU). Among HCV co-infected HIV positive
individuals 88.3% (CI: 73.6-95.4) were male; 63.6% (CI: 55.4-71.1) were married;
91.5% (CI: 68.6-98.1) were literate; 59.2% (CI: 49.9-67.9) were on ART; and 92.2%
(95%CI: 84.9-96.1) had a history of IVDU.
Conclusion
The pooled prevalence of co-infection with HBV, HCV, and combined HBV and HCV
were 4.6%, 19.7% and 1.3% respectively among HIV positive patients. Thus, it is
necessary to appropriately screen for HBV and HCV in individuals diagnosed with
HIV and high-risk populations. IVDU remains the most common risk factor found in
co-infected individuals.
KEY WORDS
Coinfection, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV Infection, Intravenous, Substance abuse
Description
Shrestha DB,1 Budhathoki P,2 Sedhai YR,3 Shrestha LB,4 Awal S,5 Upadhaya Regmi B,5 Yadav J,5 Baniya R,6 Thapaliya S,7 Dangal G8
1Department of Emergency Medicine,
Mangalbare Hospital, Morang-56600, Nepal
2Department of Emergency Medicine,
Dr. Iwamura Memorial Hospital,
Bhaktapur-44800, Nepal
3Department of Internal Medicine,
Division of Hospital Medicine,
Virginia Commonwealth University,
School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
4Department of Microbiology and Infectious
Diseases, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health
Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
5Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences,
Kathmandu, Nepal.
6Our Lady of the Lake Regional Medical Center,
Baton Rouge, LA, USA
7Department of Internal Medicine,
Division of Infectious Disease,
Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University
Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
National Academy of Medical Sciences,
Kathmandu, Nepal
Keywords
Coinfection, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV Infection, Intravenous, Substance abuse