Publication: Diabetic Retinopathy among Patients with Prediabetes Attending the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology in a Tertiary Eye Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Nepal Medical Association
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy is a specific microvascular ocular complication associated with diabetes. However, retinopathy has also been reported in people with prediabetes. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among patients with prediabetes attending the outpatient Department of Ophthalmology in a tertiary eye care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with prediabetes attending the outpatient Department of Ophthalmology in a tertiary eye care centre from 1 January 2022 and 30 April 2022. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review Board (Registration number: 594/2021 P). All patients had their eyes dilated and examined under the slit-lamp with a 90 D convex lens or indirect ophthalmoscopes with a 20 D lens to find retinopathy. All patients aged 40 to 79 years with intermediate hyperglycemia were included in the study. Convenience sampling was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 141 patients with prediabetes, diabetic retinopathy was found in 8 (5.67%) (1.85-9.49, 95% Confidence Interval). Among which all patients 8 (5.67%) had mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Among patients with retinopathy, all 8 (5.67%) were obese, 3 (37.50%) were hypertensive, 5 (62.50%) patients had intermediate hyperglycemia for more than 6 months, and 2 (25%) had a family history of diabetes mellitus.
Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in prediabetes patient was found to be higher than the other studies conducted in similar settings.
Description
Arjun Shrestha
Department of Ophthalmology, BP Eye Foundation, Hospital for Children, Eye, ENT, and Rehabilitation Services, Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal
Rinkal Suwal
Department of Optometry, BP Eye Foundation, Hospital for Children, Eye, ENT, and Rehabilitation Services, Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal
Sikshya Adhikari
Department of Optometry, BP Eye Foundation, Hospital for Children, Eye, ENT, and Rehabilitation Services, Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal
Nirsara Shrestha
Department of Ophthalmology, BP Eye Foundation, Hospital for Children, Eye, ENT, and Rehabilitation Services, Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal
Biju Shrestha
Department of Physiology, Kathmandu Medical College, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal
Bijay Khatri
Academic and Research Department, BP Eye Foundation, Hospital for Children, Eye, ENT, and Rehabilitation Services, Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal
Keywords
Diabetic retinopathy, Prediabetes, Prevalence