Browsing by Author "Amgain, Kapil"
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Publication Effectiveness of Student-Facilitated Problem-Based Learning in Integrated Basic Medical Sciences: A Retrospective Quantitative Analysis of Academic Records(Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, 2024) Joshi, Lok Raj; Nembang, Penchha; Hamal, Deependra; Thakur, Chandan Kumar; Anu, Anuraj; Jha, Jay Prakash; Amgain, KapilAbstract: Introduction Problem-based learning (PBL) is considered as a historic innovation in medical education. However, shortage of experienced faculty tutors for PBL is a major challenge in resource-limited settings. We aimed to assess effectiveness of student-facilitated PBL in content knowledge at a medical college of Nepal. Methods This observational study analyzed the outcome and experience of the PBL modules. This article reports the quantitative analysis which compared pretest and posttest results of the students on multiple-choice questions to assess content knowledge. The maximum possible score was 30 for each test and pass score was set as per modified Angoff method. Results Pretest and posttest results of 53 medical students were analyzed. The results showed that 39 (74%) students passed the pretest and 48 (91%) passed the posttest. This improvement was statistically significant (McNemar's chi-squared=4.27, p=0.04). The median (interquartile range) of the pretest scores was 19(17-21) and that of the posttest scores was 23(21-25) with a significant increase after the PBL module (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p<0.001, effect size=0.67). The posttest scores of the first year students were comparable to the posttest scores of the second year students (Wilcoxon rank sum test, p=0.40). Conclusion The student-facilitated PBL module was effective for improving content knowledge. Future, prospective experimental design with control group may rule out the role of other extraneous variables.Publication Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Humoral Response Following Vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Covishield™) and/or Sinopharm, BBIBP-CorV (Vero cell™)(Nepal Health Research Council, 2023) Kamar, Sher Bahadur; Pandey, Hemraj; Shahi, Ramesh; Puri, Shurehraman; Yadav, Gopal Kumar; Amgain, KapilAbstract Background: Billions of doses of COVID-19 vaccine have been introducing in the world to prevent pandemic COVID-19. Higher efficacy but limited data are available for its longevity. We aimed to find out the IgG Anti-SARS Cov-2 antibody level among frontline healthcare workers after two doses of vaccines. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried among 170 HCPs of Seti Provincial Hospital of western Nepal, who were more than 18 years, and had taken two doses of either one of COVID 19 vaccine. All those participants, who were on leave during the data collection tenure (1st February 2022 to 28th February 2022) and/or did not consent to participate were excluded. Mindray SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG assay kit based on CLIA method, was used whose target antigen is S-RBD (spike protein of receptor binding domain) antigen. The IgG immunoglobulin is detected and cut off value ?10 AU/ml is considered positive. Results: Based on the recommended cut off, the antibody was present in more than 90% across both groups of vaccinee i.e. the positive antibody titer at a mean duration of 7.31 months was 93.53% overall (93.75% and 93.44% in Vero cell™ and Covishield™ vaccinees respectively). There were 3.92 times high odds of high antibody titer (?250 AU/ml) in Covishield™ group (OR: 3.92, 95% CI: 1.86-8.26, P-value: <0.001) than in Vero cell™ group of vaccinee. Similarly, there were significant difference of high titer of antibody across groups with more than six months of elapse of vaccination (OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.06-4.49, P-value: <0.001) than with less than six months of elapse of vaccination. Conclusions: The humoral response was higher among HCPs who received two-doses vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Covishield™) and/or Sinopharm, BBIBP-CorV (Vero cell™) vaccine, and among those with six or more months of elapse of vaccination. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 following two-doses vaccination among HCPs was more than nine-tenths. Keywords: antibody immunity; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19(Covishield™); receptor binding domain; seroprevalence; sinopharm.Publication Prevalence of Abuse and its Associated Factors among Elder Population Living in Kawasoti Municipality of Nepal(Central Department of Public Health, 2024) Kafle, Bharat; Bhattarai, Preeti; Shrestha, Aman; Aryal, Umesh Raj; Joshi, Lok Raj; Amgain, Kapil; Koirala, Sagar; Sanjel, SeshanandaAbstract Background: Elder abuse is a growing public health problem. To tackle the elder issues World Health Organization, declare for the decade of healthy ageing from 2020 to 2030, where Nepal is not exception from this goal. Thus, the study aims to assess the prevalence of abuse and its associated factors among elder population living in Kawasoti Municipality. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted, taking 422 elders who were 60 years and above. The face-to-face interviews were conducted from October 2018 to January 2019. The collected data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and was exported to SPSS 26 version. The logistic regression was performed to measure associated between overall abuse and its covariates. Results: The overall prevalence of elder abuse was 43.8% and caregiver neglect was the most reported form of elder abuse. Study found that nuclear family [OR=0.42, 95% CI;0.18-0.97], illiterate [OR: 2.01, 95% CI; 1.11-3.96], family members have no migrated to another country [OR=0.57, 95% CI; 0.33-0.97], health condition was bad [OR= 1.92, 95% CI; 1.15-3.21], elder who did not depend on their daily activities on family members [OR=0.25, 95% CI; 0.12-0.52], and those who had consumed tobacco [OR= 1.91, CI; 1.19-3.06] were associated with elder abuse. Conclusion: The finding suggests that good health, a nuclear family, literacy, family members not migrated to another country, and independence in daily activities strongly reduce elder abuse. To address this, it is essential to implement awareness programs, and ageing population for their economic sustainability activities, and healthy and active aging life.Publication Serum iron Profile of Patients with Sickle Cell Disease and its Association with Socio-demographic Characteristics and Duration of Diagnosis(Nepal Health Research Council, 2023) Kamar, Sher Bahadur; Pandey, Hemraj; Puri, Shurehraman; Shahi, Ramesh; Bhatta, Uttam; Khadka, Sulochana; Yadav, Gopal Kumar; Subedi, Prativa; Amgain, KapilAbstract Background : Sickle cell anemia is the most common hemoglobinopathy in the world. The study aimed to evaluate the iron profile and its association with socio-demographic characteristics in patients with sickle cell disease. Methods: A hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to know the iron profile and its socio-demographic association in patients with sickle cell disease. Results: The average serum iron, TIBC, and transferrin saturation were 16.75 ± 6.40 mcgMole/L, 69.46 ± 16.94 mcg/dl and 25.15 ± 12.51% respectively. The serum ferritin ranged from 10.00 to 3000.00 ng/ml. The proportion of participants with normal serum iron, TIBC, serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation were 86.10%, 0.00%, 33.90% and 36.40% respectively. All of the participants of this study had low TIBC (1005), and more than half of the participants had elevated serum ferritin (56.40%). Conclusions: Iron overload is a common complication of sickle cell disease. There was no association of age and sex with iron profile. The TIBC variation between the Chaudhary ethnic group compared to other ethnic groups signifies the ethnic role in the iron profile. Keywords: Ethnicity; iron overload; sickle cell disease; total iron binding capacity.