Publication: Emergency Department Presentations of Chronic Kidney Disease in a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal: A Cross-sectional study
Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Nepal Medical Association
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Progressive chronic kidney disease is associated with complications like hypertension, anemia, mineral bone disorder, metabolic acidosis and electrolyte disorders which lead to higher morbidity, mortality and poorer quality of life. Available estimates of chronic kidney disease cases and those receiving treatment suggests an existing gap in care. Therefore, this study aims to estimate
the prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its complications in the emergency department of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was done. The participants were chronic kidney disease patients with complications visiting the Emergency Department of Maharajgunj Medical Campus. Census sampling technique was used to enroll all chronic kidney disease patients with complications meeting inclusion criteria, visiting the Emergency Department from 11th October 2023 to 19th September 2024. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review committee of the Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj with the reference number 509(6-11)E2/081/082. Distribution check and descriptive analysis was done using STATA.
Results: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease was found to be 2.5%. The most common complications were anemia 399 (53.69%) and hypertensive crisis 396 (53.29%). Least common complications among CKD patients was sepsis 8 (1.08%). Several other complications like arrhythmia, nephropathy, hypoglycemia, obstructive uropathy, pericardial effusion, urinary tract infection,
effusion, pneumonia were observed in 50 (6.73%) of the CKD patients. Death as an outcome was reported in 9 (1.2%) of total patients.
Conclusions: Chronic kidney disease proportion in emergency departments is high, with anemia and hypertension being common complications. Targeted interventions might include establishing hemodialysis units and increasing staff awareness.
Description
Ram Prasad Neupane
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Ramesh Kumar Maharjan
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Bipsana Shrestha
Ministry of Health, Bagmati Province, Hetauda, Nepal
Bibek Poudel
Palpa hospital, Tansen, Palpa
Rasmila Dandekhya
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Tirtha Man Shrestha
Maharajgung Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharjgunj
Shasank Chitrakar
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Anga Raj Dulal
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Arju Malla
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Amisha Silwal
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Sagun Karki
Maharajgung Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharjgunj
Manju Pokhrel
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Shubham Kumar Thakur
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Abhinandan Panthee
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Sagar Kumar Jha
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Anish Sah
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
Bishnu Bhujel
Paropakar Nurshing Campus, kupondole , lalitpur